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Prosymna lineata (PETERS, 1871)

IUCN Red List - Prosymna lineata - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaProsymnidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Lined Shovel-snout, Mozambique Shovel-snout 
SynonymTemnorhynchus lineatus PETERS 1871: 568
Prosymna lineata — LOVERIDGE 1958: 138
Prosymna lineata — BROADLEY 1959
Prosymna lineata — BROADLEY 1962
Prosymna sundevalli lineata — PIENAAR 1978
Prosymna sundevalli lineata — AUERBACH 1987: 176
Prosymna lineata — BOYCOTT 1992
Prosymna sundevalli lineata — BOYCOTT 1992
Prosymna lineata — BROADLEY 1999
Prosymna lineata — WALLACH et al. 2014: 580
Prosymna lineata — STANDER 2023: 286 
DistributionZimbabwe, Republic of South Africa (Transvaal), Mozambique, Botswana, Eswatini (Swaziland)

Type locality: “Matlale (S. Ostafrika)” [N Transvaal] [PETERS 1871]  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: ZMB 7257 (Temnorhynchus lineatus PETERS 1871) 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 1163 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: Temnorhynchus is pre-occupied by a beetle genus. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin “linea” = line, for marked with lines, lined. Apparently after the pale stripe down the back of some individuals. 
References
  • Auerbach, R.D. 1987. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Botswana. Mokwepa Consultants, Botswana, 295 pp.
  • Bates, M.F.; Branch, W.R., Bauer, A.M.; Burger, M., Marais, J.; Alexander, G.J. & de Villliers, M.S. (eds.) 2014. Atlas and Red List of the Reptiles of South Africa, Lesotho, and Swaziland. Suricata 1. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 512 pp.
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1887. Synopsis of the snakes of South Africa. The Zoologist, London, (3) 11: 171-182
  • Boycott, R.C. 1992. An Annotated Checklist of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Swaziland. The Conservation Trust of Swaziland - get paper here
  • Broadley, D. & Blaylock 2013. The Snakes of Zimbabwe and Botswana. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 387 pp. [book review in Sauria 35 (2): 59 and Copeia 2014: 388] - get paper here
  • Broadley, D.G. 1959. The herpetology of Southern Rhodesia. Part I--the snakes. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 120 (1): 1-100 [reprint 1972] - get paper here
  • Broadley, D.G. 1962. On some reptile collections from the North-Western and North-Eastern Districts of Southern Rhodesia 1958-1961, with descriptions of four new lizards. Occ. Pap. Nat. Mus. South. Rhodesia 26 (B): 787-843
  • Broadley, D.G. 1965. A revision of the Prosymna sundevalli group (Serpentes: Colubridae). Arnoldia 2 (5): 1-6
  • Broadley, Donald G. 1999. Geographic distribution: Prosymna lineata (Peters, 1871); Lined Shovel-snout. African Herp News (30): 36-37 - get paper here
  • Haagner, G. V. 1997. Geographic distribution. Prosymna sundevallii lineata. African Herp News (26): 35 - get paper here
  • Lönnberg, E. 1910. Two new snakes from Lower Congo. Arkiv för Zoologi 7 (8): 1-8 - get paper here
  • Peters, W. 1871. Uber neue Reptilien aus Ostafrika und Sarawak (Borneo), vorzüglich aus der Sammlung des Hrn. Marquis J. Doria zu Genua. Mber. k. preuss. Akad. Wiss., Berlin [1871]: 566-581 - get paper here
  • Pienaar, Uys de Villiers 1978. The Reptile Fauna of the Kruger National Park. Pretoria: National Parks Board of South Africa, i-vii, 222 S.
  • Rupert Wilkey & Sarah Nann 2025. Field Guide to the Snakes of Eswatini. Pelagic, 208 pp., DOI: 10.53061/FWDV3720 - get paper here
  • Smith, A. 1849. Illustrations of the Zoology of South Africa. 3 (Reptiles). Smith, Elder, and Co., London [facsimile published by Winchester Press, Johannesburg, 1977] - get paper here
  • Stander, R.I. 2023. The Reptiles of the Limpopo Province and Kruger National Park. Herp Nomad, Polokwane, South Africa, 367 pp. - get paper here
  • Tolley, K.A., Conradie, W., Pietersen, D.W., Weeber, J., Burger, M. & Alexander, G.J. (eds) 2023. Conservation status of the reptiles of South Africa, Eswatini and Lesotho. Suricata 10. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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