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Psammophis subtaeniatus PETERS, 1882

IUCN Red List - Psammophis subtaeniatus - Least Concern, LC

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Higher TaxaPsammophiidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Western Yellow-bellied Sand Snake, Stripe-bellied Sand Snake
F: Psammophis à ventre ligné
G: Gelbbauch-Sandrennnatter 
SynonymPsammophis sibilans var. subtaeniata PETERS 1882: 121
Psammophis moniliger var. bilineatus PETERS 1867: 237 (see comment)
Psammophis sibilans var. subtaeniata — FISCHER 1884: 12
Psammophis bocagii BOULENGER 1895: 538
Psammophis transvaaliensis GOUGH 1908: 101 (fide WALLACH et al. 2014)
Psammophis subtaeniatus — LOVERIDGE 1936: 38
Psammophis subtaeniatus subtaeniatus — LOVERIDGE 1940: 55
Psammophis subtaeniatus subtaeniatus — AUERBACH 1987: 168
Psammophis subtaeniatus — BOYCOTT 1992
Psammophis subtaeniatus — BROADLEY 1998
Psammophis subtaeniatus — BROADLEY et al. 2003: 166
Psammophis subtaeniatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 580
Psammophis subtaeniatus — TRAPE et al. 2019: 70 
DistributionN Namibia, N/E Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, E Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire), NE Republic of South Africa, Swaziland, S Angola, S/SE Zambia, Malawi, Sudan, Central African Republic, Ethiopia.

Type locality: “Tete, ... Boror”; restricted to “Tete” [Mozambique] by BROADLEY 1966.

boagii: Type locality: “Angola”, subsequently given as Benguela (Boulenger 1896).  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: ZMB 9992A, designated by Broadley, 1977:13, other syntypes: ZMB 9992B, 2470.
Lectotype: BMNH 67.7.23.22 [bocagii] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1509 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: PETERS’ older name was suppressed as a result of ICZN Opinion 1210 (BAUER 1995). The 1881 name is not listed in the 1881 Zoological Record.

Mildly venomous.

Distribution: see map in BROADLEY 2002: 90 (Fig. 4). Not in East Africa (i.e. Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi fide S. Spawls, pers. comm., 28 June 2018). Also reported from the Sudan by WERNER 1919: 504 who discusses its differences to other species of the genus.

Subspecies: Psammophis subtaeniatus orientalis BROADLEY 1977 and P. s. sudanensis WERNER 1919 have been elevated to full species status. Note: Distribution not corrected for this elevation. 
References
  • Auerbach, R.D. 1987. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Botswana. Mokwepa Consultants, Botswana, 295 pp.
  • Baptista NL, António T, Branch WR. 2019. The herpetofauna of Bicuar National Park and surroundings, southwestern Angola: a preliminary checklist. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13(2) [Special Section]: 96–130 (e203) - get paper here
  • Barts, M. & W. D. Haacke 1997. Zur Reptilienfauna der Tsodilo - Berge und angrenzender Gebiete in NW - Botswana Teil II: Sauria II; Serpents. Sauria 19 (4): 15-21 - get paper here
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  • Böhme,W. 1987. Zur Kenntnis von Psammophis subtaeniatus Peters 1882 an seinem nordöstlichen Arealrand. Salamandra 23 (2-3): 84-89 - get paper here
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  • CONRADIE, WERNER; NINDA L. BAPTISTA, LUKE VERBURGT, CHAD KEATES, JAMES HARVEY, TIMOTEO JULIO & GOTZ NEEF. 2021. Contributions to the herpetofauna of the Angolan Okavango-Cuando-Zambezi river drainages. Part 1: Serpentes (snakes). Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 15(2): 244–278. - get paper here
  • Fischer, J. G. 1884. Über einige afrikanische Reptilien, Amphibien und Fische des Naturhistorischen Museums I. Über die von Herrn Dr. G.A. Fischer in Massai Gebiete (Ost Afrika) auf seiner in Veranlassung der geographischen Gesellschaft in Hamburg unternommenen Expeditio Jahrb. Hamburg Wiss. Anst. 1: 1-32 - get paper here
  • FitzSimons, V.F.M. 1974. A field guide to the snakes of Southern Africa. 2nd edition. COLLINS, 221 pp. [first ed. 1970]
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  • Haacke, W.D.; Hibbett, H. 1996. Geographical Distribution - Psammophis subtaeniatus subtaeniatus. African Herp News (25): 45-46 - get paper here
  • Herrmann, H.-W.; W.R. Branch 2013. Fifty years of herpetological research in the Namib Desert and Namibia with an updated and annotated species checklist. Journal of Arid Environments 93: 94–115 - get paper here
  • Kruschenski, V. & C. Kässer 2014. Südafrika. Zwischen Reptilien und den Big Five. Reptilia (Münster) 19 (106): 82-93
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  • Loveridge, A. 1956. On snakes collected in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan by J.S. Owen, Esq. Sudan Notes Rec. 36: 37-56 [1955]
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  • Peters,W. 1882. Naturwissenschaftliche Reise nach Mossambique auf Befehl seiner Majestät es Königs Friedrich Wilhelm IV. in den Jahren 1842 bis 1848 ausgefeführt von Wilhelm C. Peters. Zoologie III. Amphibien. Berlin (Reimer), 191pp.
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  • Steehouder, A.M. 1984. Repeated successful breeding of the Red striped sand snake Psammophis subtaeniatus sudanensis, and some remarks on the 'polishing behaviour' of this species. Litteratura Serpentium 4 (3/4)90-103 - get paper here
  • Steehouder, A.M. 1985. Egg retention and mechanical removal of the egg from Psammophis subtaeniatus sudanensis. Litteratura Serpentium 5 (1): 28-30 - get paper here
  • Steehouder, A.M. 1986. Breeding results: Psammophis subtaeniatus sudanensis. Litteratura Serpentium 6 (2): 76 - get paper here
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  • Trape, J.-F. 2023. Guide des serpents d’Afrique occidentale, centrale et d’Afrique du Nord. IRD Éditions, Marseille, 896 pp.
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