Pseudagkistrodon rudis (BOULENGER, 1906)

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Higher Taxa	Colubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies	Pseudagkistrodon rudis multiprefrontalis ZHAO & JIANG 1981 Pseudagkistrodon rudis rudis (BOULENGER 1906)
Common Names	E: Red Keelback, False Habu Chinese: 颈棱蛇
Synonym	Macropisthodon rudis BOULENGER 1906 Pseudagkistrodon carinatus VAN DENBURGH 1909 Macropisthodon carinatus — STEJNEGER 1910 Macropisthodon rudis — MEHRTENS 1987: 195 Macropisthodon rudis — MATTISON 2007: 129 Pseudagkistrodon rudis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 594 Pseudoagkistrodon rudis — TAKEUCHI et al. 2018 (in error) Pseudagkistrodon rudis multiprefrontalis (ZHAO & JIANG 1981) Macropisthodon rudis multiprefrontalis ZHAO & JIANG 1981 Macropisthodon rudis multiprefrontalis — GUO et al. 1999 Pseudagkistrodon rudis multiprefrontalis — TAKEUCHI et al. 2018 (by implication) Pseudagkistrodon rudis rudis (BOULENGER 1906) Natrix namiei OSHIMA 1910: 189 Macropisthodon rudis rudis — MELL 1931 [1929] Macropisthodon rudis rudis — ZHAO & JIANG 1981 Macropisthodon rudis var. melanogaster VOGT 1922 Pseudagkistrodon rudis rudis — TAKEUCHI et al. 2018 (by implication)
Distribution	Taiwan, S China (Fujian, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Guangdong) Type locality: Tongchuan, Yuman, China multiprefrontalis: China (Sichuan); Type locality: Xichang, Sichuan Prov.; 2650 m elevation;
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Syntypes: BMNH 1940.1.13.92, CAS 18003 Holotype: ZMB 38069 Holotype: Cib 6515143, male, Coll. C. C. Liu; 6. 8, 1965 [multiprefrontalis] Holotype: CAS 18003 [Pseudagkistrodon carinatus]
Diagnosis	Unfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 3602 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details.
Comment	Behavior: harmless, but aggressive Type species: Macropisthodon rudis BOULENGER 1906 is the type species of the genus Pseudagkistrodon VAN DENBURGH 1909. Comparisons (genera): Ren et al. 2019: 121 (Table 6) provide a morphological comparison of natricine genera (Opisthotropis, Paratapinophis, Isanophis, Trimerodytes balteatus, Hebius annamensis, Trachischium fuscum/guentheri, Rhabdops bicolor, Atretium yunnanensis, Pseudagkistrodon rudis multiprefrontalis).
Etymology	Named after Latin rudis, rough or coarse, probably after the rough upper head plates.
References	Boulenger, GEORGE A. 1906. Descriptions of new reptiles from Yunnan. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 17 (102): 567-568. - get paper here Guo, P., F. J. Zhang, and Y. Y. Chen. 1999. Catalogue of type specimens of reptiles in the Herpetological Collections of Chengdu Institute of Biology,the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Asiatic Herpetological Research 8: 43~47 - get paper here Mattison, Chris 2007. The New Encyclopedia of Snakes. Princeton University Press Mehrtens, J.M. 1987. Living snakes of the world in color. Sterling Publ. Co., hic., New York, NY: 480 pp. Mell,R. 1931. List of Chinese snakes. Lingnan Sci. Jour., Canton, 8 [1929]: 199-219. Oshima, MASAMITSU. 1910. An annotated list of Formosan snakes, with descriptions of four new species and one new subspecies. Annot. Zool. Japon., Tokyo, 7 (3): 185-207. REN, Jinlong; Kai WANG, Peng GUO, Yingyong WANG, Tao Thien NGUYEN, and Jiatang LI 2019. On the Generic Taxonomy of Opisthotropis balteata (Cope, 1895) (Squamata: Colubridae: Natricinae): Taxonomic Revision of Two Natricine Genera. Asian Herpetological Research 10 (2): 105–128; DOI: 10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.180091 - get paper here Stejneger, L. 1910. The batrachians and reptiles of Formosa. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 38: 91-114 - get paper here TILLACK, F. 2005. Macropisthodon rudis rudis BOULENGER. Sauria 27 (2): 1-2 - get paper here Van DENBURGH, JOHN 1909. New and previously unrecorded species of reptiles and amphibians from the island of Formosa. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (4) 3 (3): 49-56. - get paper here Vogt, Theodor 1922. Zur Reptilien- und Amphibienfauna Südchinas. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 88A (10): 135-146 - get paper here Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp. Wang K, Lyu ZT, Wang J, Qi S, Che J 2022. Updated Checklist and Zoogeographic Division of the Reptilian Fauna of Yunnan Province, China. Biodiversity Science 30 (4): 21326, 1–31 - get paper here Wang, C. G. M. Z. X., Jia, S. Y. K. T. L., & Hu, C. Z. J. 2022. An updated species checklist of amphibians and reptiles in Fujian Province, China. Biodiversity Science, 22090 - get paper here Wang, Kai; Jinlong Ren, Hongman Chen, Zhitong Lyu, Xianguang Guo Ke Jiang, Jinmin Chen, Jiatang Li, Peng Guo, Yingyong Wang, Jing Che 2020. The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 - get paper here Zhao, E.M. 2006. The snakes of China [in Chinese]. Hefei, China, Anhui Sience & Technology Publ. House, Vol. I, 372 pp., Vol. II (color plates), 280 pp. Zhao, Er-Mi & Jiang, Yao-Ming 1981. Studies on amphibians and reptiles of Mt. Gongga Shan, Sichuan, China. I. A new species and a new subspecies of snakes from Sichuan (in Chinese). Acta Herpetol. Sinica, Chengdu, [old ser.], 5 (7): 53-58 Zhao,E. & Adler,K. 1993. Herpetology of China. SSAR, Oxford/Ohio, 1-522
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://chungweiyou.pixnet.net/blog/post/24409413 http://www.snakesoftaiwan.com/Start_Page_EN.htm Google images

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