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Pseudemys floridana (LE CONTE, 1830)

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Higher TaxaEmydidae, Deirochelyinae, Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Florida Cooter
G: Florida-Schmuckschildkröte 
SynonymTestudo Floridana LE CONTE 1830: 100
Emys Floridana — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1835: 285
Pseudemys floridana — BAUR 1893: 223
Chrysemys floridana — FRITZ 1981
Chrysemys floridana hoyi — FRITZ & BIENERT 1981
Pseudemys floridana — WARD 1984: 40
Chrysemys floridana floridana — DENZER 1986
Pseudemys floridana — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 212
Pseudemys floridana floridana — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 68
Pseudemys floridana — IVERSON 1992:194
Pseudemys concinna floridana — SEIDEL 1994
Pseudemys concinna floridana — CROTHER 2000
Pseudemys floridana — THOMSON et al. 2008
Pseudemys floridana — JENSEN et al. 2008: 491
Pseudemys floridana — WERNING 2009
Pseudemys floridana — AKERET 2009
Pseudemys concinna floridana — ERNST & LOVICH 2009
Pseudemys floridana floridana — RHODIN et al. 2010
Pseudemys floridana — CHAPIN & MEYLAN 2011
Pseudemys concinna floridana — CROTHER et al. 2012
Pseudemys floridana — ARESCO et al. 2015
Pseudemys floridana — KELLEY & FINGER 2016
Pseudemys concinna floridana — TTWG 2017: 60 (status undecided)
Pseudemys concinna floridana — CROTHER et al. 2017
Pseudemys concinna floridana — SEIDEL & ERNST 2017
Pseudemys floridana — PADEN et al. 2018
Pseudemys floridana — TTWG 2021
Pseudemys floridana — TTWG 2025 
DistributionUSA (along the Atlantic Coastal Plain in North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Georgia, and west across the Gulf Coastal Plain in Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, E Texas, Oklahoma, SE Kansas, Arkansas, S Missouri, SW Indiana, W Kentucky, W Tennessee, Virginia)

Type locality: "St. John's river of East Florida" [USA]

hoyi: lower Mississippi Valley and extends west along the Texas coast.  
ReproductionOviparous. Temperature‐dependent sex determination (TSD) fide Nemesházi & Bókony 2023. 
TypesLectotype: MNHN-RA 9172 (designated by R. Bour, pers. comm. cited in Iverson 1992: 192; see also Bour 2003); paralectotype: MNHN-RA 9171.
Syntype: MNHN-RA 91170 (R. Bour, pers. comm. cited in Iverson 1992: 192) See also Bour 2003. [floridana]
Holotype: UMMZ 81673 [suwanniensis]
Holotype: ANSP 242 [mobilensis]
Holotype: USNM 79631 [elonae]
Holotype: USNM 7173, female [metteri]
Holotype: USNM 79632 [Pseudemys vioscana]
Neotype: USNM 55516 [Ptychemys hoyi] 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 1565 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSee also Pseudemys concinna.

Diet: herbivorous.

Synonymy: Ward (1984) placed P. f. hoyi in the synonymy of P. concinna hieroglyphica; Ernst & Barbour 1989 questioned this, as the two are usually discernable in the central Mississippi Valley.

Hybridization: In some southern waterways, P. floridana and P. concinna apparently hybridize (see Fahey, 1980 for a review; cited in Ernst & Barbour 1989).

Distribution: see map in TTWG 2025. 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality. 
References
  • Akeret, B. 2009. Unter und über Wasser durch die Karstgewässer Floridas. Draco 10 (37): 24-29 - get paper here
  • Aresco, Matthew J.; Joseph Travis, and Pamela S. D. MacRae 2015. Trophic Interactions of Turtles in a North Florida Lake Food Web: Prevalence of Omnivory. Copeia 2015 (2): 343-356. - get paper here
  • Baur, G. 1893. Notes on the classification and taxonomy of the Testudinata. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 31: 210-225 - get paper here
  • Chapin, Kenneth J. and Peter A. Meylan 2011. Turtle Populations at a Heavily Used Recreational Site: Ichetucknee Springs State Park, Columbia County, Florida. Herp. Cons. Biol. 6 (1): 51-60 - get paper here
  • Conant,R. & Collins,J.T. 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern/Central North America, 3rd ed. Houghton Mifflin (Boston/New York), xx + 450 p.
  • Crother, B. I. (ed.) 2012. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Seventh Edition. Herpetological Circular 39: 1-92
  • Crother, B. I. (ed.). 2017. Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, with Comments Regarding Confidence in Our Understanding. 8th edition. SSAR Herpetological Circular 43: 1-104 - get paper here
  • Denzer, W. 1986. Die Herpetofauna Südfloridas, Teil 2: Die natürlichen Amphibien - und Reptilienpopulationen nearktischen Ursprungs. Sauria 8 (3): 23-26 - get paper here
  • Duméril, A.M.C., and G. Bibron. 1835. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles, Vol. 2. Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, Paris, iv + 680 p. - get paper here
  • Ernst, Carl H.; Lovich, Jeffrey E. 2009. Turtles of the United States and Canada, 2nd edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, 827 pp. - get paper here
  • Fritz, U. 1981. Synonymie von Chrysemys concinna (LE CONTE 1830) mit Chrysemys floridana (LE CONTE 1830) mit Berücksichtigung von Chrysemys rubriventris (LE CONTE 1830), WERMUTH & MERTENS 1961. Herpetofauna 3 (11): 31-33 - get paper here
  • Fritz, U. & Bienert, H.-D. 1981. Übersicht über die neuweltliche Sumpfschildkrötengattung Chrysemys GRAY (Pseudemys GRAY = Synonym für Chrysemys GRAY). Herpetofauna 3 (10): 17-22 - get paper here
  • Goff, C., & Goff, D. 1932. Egg Laying and Incubation of Pseudemys floridana. Copeia, 1932(2), 92-94 - get paper here
  • Jensen, John B.; Carlos D. Camp, Whit Gibbons, & Matt J. Elliott 2008. Amphibians and reptiles of Georgia. University of Georgia Press, 575 pp.
  • Kelley, Meghan D. and John W. Finger, Jr. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys floridana (Coastal Plain Cooter). Herpetological Review 47 (2): 254 - get paper here
  • Le Conte, J. 1830. Description of the species of North American tortoises. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York 3 [1829]: 91-131. - get paper here
  • Nemesházi, E., Bókony, V. 2023. HerpSexDet: the herpetological database of sex determination and sex reversal. Sci Data 10, 377 - get paper here
  • Netting, M.G. 1929. A Note on the Egg-Laying of Pseudemys floridana (Le Conte) Copeia 170: 24-25 - get paper here
  • Paden, L; Ondich, B L; Norton, T M; Alterman, A & Steen, D A; 2018. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys floridana (Florida Cooter). Herpetological Review 49 (4): 712-713 - get paper here
  • Seidel, M. E. 1994. Morphometric analysis and taxonomy of cooter and red-bellied turtles in the North American genus Pseudemys (Emydidae). Chelonian Conserv. Biol. 1 (2): 117-130
  • Seidel, Michael E. & Carl H. Ernst 2017. A Systematic Review of the Turtle Family Emydidae. Vertebrate Zoology 67 (1): 1–122 - get paper here
  • Seidel, Michael E.; and Palmer, William M 1991. Morphological variation in turtles of the genus Pseudemys (Testudines: Emydidae) from central Atlantic drainages. Brimleyana 17: 105-135 - get paper here
  • Thomson, Robert C.; Andrew M. Shedlock, Scott V. Edwards and H. Bradley Shaffer 2008. Developing markers for multilocus phylogenetics in non-model organisms: A test case with turtles. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 49 (2): 514-525 - get paper here
  • TTWG [TURTLE TAXONOMY WORKING GROUP: RHODIN, A.G.J., IVERSON, J.B., FRITZ, U., GALLEGO-GARCÍA, N., GEORGES, A., SHAFFER, H.B., AND VAN DuK, P.P.]. 2025. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (10th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. Chelonian Research Monographs 10:1-575 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., Bour, R., Fritz, U., Georges, A., Shaffer, H.B., and van Dijk, P.P. 2021. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. Chelonian Research Monographs 8:1–472. doi:10.3854/crm.8.checklist.atlas.v9.2021. - get paper here
  • Ward, J.P. 1984. Relationships of the Chrysemyd turtles of North America (Testudines: Emydidae). Special Publications of the Museum of the Texas Technological University 21: 1-50 - get paper here
  • Werning, H. 2009. Florida - ein kleiner herpetologischer Reiseführer. Draco 10 (37): 4-23 - get paper here
 
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