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Pseudocalotes larutensis HALLERMANN & MCGUIRE, 2001

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Higher TaxaAgamidae (Draconinae), Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Bukit Larut False Garden Lizard 
SynonymPseudocalotes larutensis HALLERMANN & MCGUIRE 2001
Pseudocalotes larutensis — GRISMER 2011
Pseudocalotes larutensis — GRISMER & QUAH 2019 
DistributionWestern Malaysia (Perak)

Type locality: approx. 200 road meters below the summit of Bukit Larut along the paved road leading to the Bukit Larut Telekom Station, Perak, Malaysia, elevation approx. 1000 m.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: TNHC 58040, adult or nearly adult male (Texas Natural History Collections, University of Texas at Austin); paratype: TNHC 58041 (subadult male) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: (Apologize errors through OCR) Pseudocalotes larutensis can be distinguished from other agamid lizards known to occur on the Malay Peninsula based on external and internal morphology. From Acanthosaura and Calotes, P. lal'lltensis can he distinguished by the absence (versus presence) of large postorbital and nuchal spines and its much smaller adult size. From Aphaniotis, it is distinguished by its exposed (versus scaled-over) tympanum and absence of blue pigments lining the oral mucosa. From Bronchocela cristatella, it is distinguished by its much shorter tail, its pale tan-yellow (rather than bright green) dorsal coloration, and dorsal scales that are larger (versus equal in size or smaller) than the ventrals. From Draco, it is diagnosed by the absence of patagia. From Gonocephalus, it is diagnosed by its much smaller adult size and dorsal scales that are larger (versus equal in size or smaller) than the ventrals. The new species differs from Pseudocalotes brevipes, P. microlepis, and P. poilani by having fewer scales around midbody (51 ~53 in P. Zarutensis versus 65-80 in P. brevipes, 65-72 in P. microlepis, and 60 in P. poilani), and differs from P. fiavigula by having more scales around midbody (51~53 versus 38-40). Pseudocalotes larutensis differs from P. dringi, P. saravacensis, P. tympanistriga, and P. sumatrana by having the anterior edges of the subdigital scales of the third toe modified such that they are pOinted and triangular (versus unmodified). The new species can be distinguished from P. fioweri by the presence of fewer canthal scales between the nasal and the anteriormost semicircular scale of the supraocular series (4 versus 5-6); by the shape of the subdigitallamellae on the third-toe (triangular and pointed versus with blade-like lateral extentions), and by the absence (versus presence) of a scale intercalated between the nasal and postrostrals. 
CommentAbundance: only known from the type locality (Meiri et al. 2017). 
Etymologynamed after the type locality. 
References
  • GRISMER, L. LEE; & EVAN S. H. QUAH 2019. An updated and annotated checklist of the lizards of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, and their adjacent archipelagos. Zootaxa 4545 (2): 230–248 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L. Lee; Chan K. Onn, Jesse L. Grismer, Perry L. Wood, Jr., and A. Norhayati 2010. A CHECKLIST OF THE HERPETOFAUNA OF THE BANJARAN BINTANG, PENINSULAR MALAYSIA. Russ. J. Herpetol. 17 (2): 147-160 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L. 2011. Lizards of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and their adjacent archipelagos. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 728 pp. [review in Herp. Rev. 43: 155] - get paper here
  • Hallermann, Jakob and Jimmy A. McGuire 2001. A new species of Pseudocalotes (Squamata: Agamidae) from Bukit Larut, West Malaysia. Herpetologica 57 (3):255-265 - get paper here
  • Hallermann, Jakob; Nguyen Quang Truong, Nikolai Orlov, and Natalia Ananjeva 2010. A new species of the genus Pseudocalotes (Squamata: Agamidae) from Vietnam. Russ. J. Herpetol. 17 (1): 31-40 - get paper here
  • HONG, ZIJIA; M.S. SHAHRUL ANUAR, L. LEE GRISMER, & EVAN S. H. QUAH 2024. Expanded morphological description of the Drogon’s False Garden Lizard, Pseudocalotes drogon (Squamata: Agamidae) from Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 5410 (4): 519–532 - get paper here
  • Manthey U 2010. Agamid Lizards of Southern Asia. Draconinae 2 -Leiolepidinae. Edition Chimaira, Terralog 7b, Frankfurt, 168 pp.
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions - get paper here
  • Xu, Y., Gong, Y., Hou, M., Weng, S., Liu, S., Deng, J., ... & Peng, L. 2024. A New Species of the Genus Pseudocalotes (Squamata: Agamidae) from Southwest Yunnan, China. Animals, 14(6): 826 - get paper here
 
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