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Pseudoxyrhopus microps GÜNTHER, 1881

IUCN Red List - Pseudoxyrhopus microps - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaPseudoxyrhophiidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Brown Brook Snake 
SynonymPseudoxyrhopus microps GÜNTHER 1881: 359
Pseudoxyrhopus microps — BOULENGER 1890
Pseudoxyrhopus microps — BOULENGER 1893: 315
Pseudoxyrhopus microps — GLAW & VENCES 1994: 332
Pseudoxyrhopus microps — D’CRUZE et al. 2008
Pseudoxyrhopus microps — WALLACH et al. 2014: 611 
DistributionE Madagascar (from N to S), Nossi Be = Nosy Bé

Type locality: Betsileo, Madagascar.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1881.3.29.16 (= BMNH 1946.1.7.76) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A Pseudoxyrhopus with 25 rows of dorsal scales at midbody, an elongated loreal scale twice as long as high, parietal scales longer than frontal scale, anal plate always divided, 208-232 ventral scales, 70-89 subcaudal scales (undamaged tail), and a dark bworn body with or without 2-5 pale pink dorsolateral longitudinal lines on body.


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CommentType species: Pseudoxyrhopus microps GÜNTHER 1881 is the type species of the genus Pseudoxyrhopus GÜNTHER 1881. GÜNTHER 1881 introduced that name because he thought that Homoalocephalus JAN was pre-occupied by Homalocephala ZETTERSTELT 1833 (Diptera).

Type genus: Pseudoxyrhopus GÜNTHER 1881 is the type genus of the subfamily Pseudoxyrhophiidae DOWLING 1975 which was split into Amplorhininae (see Amplorhinus) and Pseudoxyrhophiinae by KELLY et al. 2009.

The Pseudoxyrhophiinae (sensu KELLY et al. 2009) include the following genera: Alluaudina, Brygophis, Compsophis, Dromicodryas, Geodipsas, Heteroliodon, Ithycyphus, Langaha, Leioheterodon, Liophidium, Liopholidophis, Madagascarophis, Micropisthodon, Pararhadinaea, Pseudoxyrhopus, Stenophis.

Phylogenetics: A phylogenetic analysis of Pseudoxyrhophiinae is provided by Burbrink et al. 2019, 2023. 
References
  • ANDREONE F., F. GLAW, R. A. NUSSBAUM, C. J. RAXWORTHY, M. VENCES, and J. E. RANDRIANIRINA 2003. The amphibians and reptiles of Nosy Be (NW Madagascar) and nearby islands: a case study of diversity and conservation of an insular fauna. Journal of Natural History 37 (17): 2119–2149 - get paper here
  • Andreone F., Randrianirina J., Jenkins P.D. & Aprea G. 2000. Species diversity of Amphibia, Reptilia and Lipotyphla (Mammalia) at Ambolokopatrika, a rainforest between the Anjanaharibe-Sud and Marojejy massifs, NE Madagascar. Biodiversity and Conservation 9: 1587–1622 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger,G.A. 1890. On the Ophidian genus Pseudoxyrhopus, Gthr. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 6: 311-314 - get paper here
  • Burbrink, F. T., Ruane, S., Rabibisoa, N., Raselimanana, A. P., Raxworthy, C. J., & Kuhn, A. 2023. Speciation rates are unrelated to the formation of population structure in Malagasy gemsnakes. Ecology and Evolution, 13(8), e10344 - get paper here
  • Burbrink, Frank T; Sara Ruane, Arianna Kuhn, Nirhy Rabibisoa, Bernard Randriamahatantsoa, Achille P Raselimanana, Mamy S M Andrianarimalala, John E Cadle, Alan R Lemmon, Emily Moriarty Lemmon, Ronald A Nussbaum, Leonard Jones, Richard Pearson, Christ 2019. The origins and diversification of the exceptionally rich gemsnakes (Colubroidea: Lamprophiidae: Pseudoxyrhophiinae) in Madagascar. Systematic Biology, syz026 - get paper here
  • D’Cruze, N.; Köhler, J.; Franzen, M & Glaw, F. 2008. A conservation assessment of the amphibians and reptiles of the Forêt d’Ambre Special Reserve, north Madagascar. MADAGASCAR CONSERVATION & DEVELOPMENT 3 (1): 44-54 - get paper here
  • Glaw ,F. & Vences, M. 1994. A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Vences & Glaw Verlag, Köln (ISBN 3-929449-01-3)
  • Günther, A. 1881. Seventh Contribution to the Knowledge of the Fauna of Madagascar. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 7: 357-360. - get paper here
  • Kelly, Christopher M. R.; Nigel P. Barker, Martin H. Villet and Donald G. Broadley 2009. PHYLOGENY, BIOGEOGRAPHY AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE SNAKE SUPERFAMILY ELAPOIDEA: A RAPID RADIATION IN THE LATE EOCENE. Cladistics 25: 38-63 - get paper here
  • Nussbaum, Ronald A., Franco Andreone and Christopher J. Raxworthy. 1998. New Rain-forest species of Pseudoxyrhopus Günther (Squamata: Colubridae) from Northern Madagascar. Copeia 1998 (1): 128-132 - get paper here
  • Raxworthy C J. Nussbaum R A. 1994. A review of the madagascan snake genera Pseudoxyrhopus, Pararhadinaea and Heteroliodon (Squamata: Colubridae). MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN (182): I-IV + 1-37 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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