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Ptyodactylus bischoffsheimi BOUTAN, 1893

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Higher TaxaPhyllodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: North Levant fan-footed gecko, Bischoffsheim’s Fan-fingered Gecko 
SynonymPtyodactylus bischoffsheimi BOUTAN 1893: 340
Ptyodactylus montmahoui BOUTAN 1893: 369
Ptyodactylus barroisi BOUTAN 1893: 375
Ptyodactylus bischoffsheimi — TAMAR et al. 2025 
DistributionSyria, Iraq

Type locality: Palmyra, Syria (34.55056N, 38.26887E; 410 m a.s.l.)  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MHNB, but not found (Werner & Sivan 1994, DE LISLE et al. 2013: 221)
Neotype. NMP-P6V 35718/1, adult male, collected 12 April 1997 by J. Moravec [bischoffsheimi]
Holotype: MCZ 9757 [sancti-montis]
Holotype: MSNTO R238 [syriacus] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A robust, stubby, medium size species of the genus Ptyodactylus characterized by the following com- bination of characters: (1) medium size with a maximum recorded SVL of 72.2 mm for males and 72.6 mm for females; (2) head large, wide, and flat (HL/SVL 29.2% ± 1.2 for both sexes; HW/HL 70.5% ± 3.6 for males and 69% ± 3.9 for females; HD/HL 44.6% ± 3.5 for males and 42.4% ± 3.4 for females); (3) tail length is shorter than SVL (52.5% ± 4.3 length of body for males and 89.3% ± 9.6 for females, based on only five female specimens) arranged in cross sections with usually 2–4 tubercles on each section; (4) dorsum with 7–10 irregular longitudinal rows of mostly round, enlarged, conical and at times keeled tubercles, each tubercle surrounded by 9–13 granular scales; (5) 9–13 infralabials and 9–14 supralabials; (6) 0–5 enlarged tubercle scales anterior to the ear opening (mostly 0–2); (7) presence of enlarged tubercles on the dorsal side of the extremities (0–3 on brachium; mostly 0 to >15 on antebrachium, thigh, and crus); (8) 0–3 prominent clo- acal tubercles on each side at the tail base; (9) 5–11 subdigital scales on the 4th finger and 8–11 under the 4th toe; (10) 16–22 terminal lamellae under the 4th fin- ger and 18–22 under the 4th toe; (11) colouration varies according to environment colour and conditions, males are darker than females. In life, pale brown to dark brown dorsum with pale spots and dark blotches, and dark brown and white transverse bands that extended onto the tail. Underside of body and tail ivory-white. (Tamar et al. 2025)


Additional details (1354 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: P. bischoffsheimi was revalidated from the synonymy of P. puiseuxi by Tamar et al. 2025.

Distribution: see Tamar et al. 2025 (Fig. 1) for a map (including P. puiseuxi). 
EtymologyNamed after Victor Alexandre Puiseux (1820-1883), an astronomer. On graduating (1837) he entered Ecole Normale Superieure, where he was awarded his doctorate (1841). 
References
  • Afrasiab, Saman R. and Sarbaz I. Mohamad 2009. A study on cave-dwelling geckos in Iraq, with the description of a new species from Saffine mountain (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). Zoology in the Middle East 47:49-56 - get paper here
  • Al-Quran, S. 2009. The Herpetofauna of the Southern Jordan. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 6 (4): 385-391 [this journal has a dubious record, see http://goo.gl/81SBPv]
  • Aloufi, A., Amr, Z., & Baker, M. A. 2022. Reptiles from'Uruq Bani Ma'arid and Harat al Harrah protected areas in Saudi Arabia: Reptiles from two protected areas in Saudi Arabia. Herpetology Notes 15: 483-491 - get paper here
  • Bar, A., Haimovitch, G. and Meiri, S. 2021. Field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of Israel. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt Am Main. ISBN 9783-89973-120-0 - get paper here
  • Bar, Aviad and Guy Haimovitch 2012. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Israel. Pazbar LTD, 246 pp. - get paper here
  • Barbour, Thomas 1914. Notes on some reptiles from Sinai and Syria. Proc. New England zool. Club 5: 73-92 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • BOSCH, H.A.J. In DEN 1999. Die Eidechsen des Mount Hermon im Biotop mit ersten Daten zur Fortpflanzung. Elaphe 7 (4): 68-75
  • Boutan, L. 1893. Mémoire sur les reptiles rapportés de Syrie par le Docteur Théod. Barrois. 1re Partie. Genre Ptyodactyle. Revue Biologique du Nord de la France, 5:1-36 [reprint pagination]. - get paper here
  • Disi, A.M.; Modry, D.; Nečas, P. & Rifai, L. 2001. Amphibians and reptiles of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 408 pp.
  • Disi, Ahmad M., Zuhair S. Amr and Harald Martens 2004. On a collection of amphibians and reptiles made by J. Klapperich in Jordan. Herpetozoa 16 (3/4):141-150 - get paper here
  • Esterbauer, H. 1985. Zur Herpetofauna Südwestsyriens. Herpetofauna 7 (38): 23-34 - get paper here
  • Goldberg, S.R. & Maza, E. 2017. Ptyodactylus puiseuxi (Israeli Fan-fingered Gecko) Reproduction. Herpetological Review 48 (4): 853-854 - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 1987. Beitrag zur Systematik der Fächerfinger (Sauria: Gekkonidae: Ptyodactylus). Salamandra 23 (4): 212-235 - get paper here
  • Hraoui-Bloquet, S.; Sadek, R.A.; Sindaco, R. & Venchi, A. 2002. The herpetofauna of Lebanon: new data on distribution. Zoology in the Middle East 27: 35-46 - get paper here
  • Leviton,A.E.; Anderson,S.C.; Adler, K.; Minton,S.A. 1992. Handbook to Middle East Amphibians and Reptiles. SSAR, Oxford, Ohio (Contr. to Herpetol. No. 8), 1-252
  • Lisle, H.F. de; Nazarov, R.A.; Raw, L.R.G. & Grathwohl, J. 2013. Gekkota: a catalogue of recent species. [type catalogue] Privately published, 387 pp.
  • Meiri, Shai; Amos Belmaker, Daniel Berkowic, Kesem Kazes, Erez Maza, Guy Bar-Oz and Roi Dor 2019. A checklist of Israeli land vertebrates. Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution - get paper here
  • Metallinou, Margarita; Jan Cervenka, Pierre-Andre Crochet, Lukas Kratochvil, Thomas Wilms, Philippe Geniez, Mohammed Y. Shobrak, Jose C. Brito, Salvador Carranza 2015. Species on the rocks: Systematics and biogeography of the rock-dwelling Ptyodactylus geckos (Squamata: Phyllodactylidae) in North Africa and Arabia. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 85: 208-220 - get paper here
  • Modrý, P., Rifai, L., Abu Baker, M. & Amr, Z. 2004. Amphibians and reptiles of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Denisia 14 (Neue Serie 2): 407-420 - get paper here
  • Peracca, M. G. 1894. Viaggio del Dr. E. Festa in Palestina, nel Libano e regioni vicine. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Università di Torino, 9: 1-20 - get paper here
  • Pola, L., Hejduk, V., Winkelhöfer, T., Zíka, A., Baker, M. A. A., & Amr, Z. S. 2020. Recent Observations on Amphibians and Reptiles in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Jordan Journal of Natural History, 7: 11-29 - get paper here
  • Rösler, H. 2000. Kommentierte Liste der rezent, subrezent und fossil bekannten Geckotaxa (Reptilia: Gekkonomorpha). Gekkota 2: 28-153
  • Sindaco R., Fedrighini, N. & VEnchi, A. 1995. Contribution to the herpetology of Jordan. Boll. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat. Torino 13 (1): 389-405
  • Sindaco, R. & Jeremcenko, V.K. 2008. The reptiles of the Western Palearctic. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 579 pp. - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R.; Serra, G. & Menegon, M. 2006. New data on the Syrian herpetofauna with a newly-recorded species of snake. Zoology of the Middle-East 37: 29-38 - get paper here
  • Tamar, K., Carranza, S., Šmíd, J., & Moravec, J. 2025. Taxonomy and phylogeny of the Levant fan-footed gecko Ptyodactylus puiseuxi Boutan, 1893 and the resurrection of Ptyodactylus bischoffsheimi Boutan, 1893 (Squamata, Phyllodactylidae). Systematics and Biodiversity, 23(1), 2454011 - get paper here
  • Uetz, P.H.; Patel, M.; Gbadamosi, Z.; Nguyen, A.; Shoope, S. 2024. A Reference Database of Reptile Images. Taxonomy 4: 723–732 - get paper here
  • Werner Y L. Sivan N. 1996. Systematics and zoogeography of Ptyodactylus (Reptilia: Sauria: Gekkonidae) in the levant: 3, experimental and natural hybrids of P. guttatus and P. puiseuxi. Israel Journal of Zoology. 1996. vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 185-202. - get paper here
  • Werner, Y. L. 1965. Über die israelischen Geckos der Gattung Ptyodactylus und ihre Biologie. Salamandra 1 (1-2): 15-25 - get paper here
  • Werner, Yehudah L.;Sivan, Naomi 1993. Systematics and zoogeography of Ptyodactylus (Reptilia: Sauria: Gekkonidae) in the Levant:1. Biometry of three species in Israel. Revista Española de Herpetología 7: 47-64
  • Werner, Yehudah L.;Sivan, Naomi 1994. Systematics and zoogeography of Ptyodactylus (Reptilia: Sauria: Gekkonidae) in the levant : 2, taxonomy, with a review of ecology and zoogeography. Revista Española de Herpetologia 8: 105-122
 
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