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Raclitia indica GRAY, 1842

IUCN Red List - Raclitia indica - Data Deficient, DD
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Higher TaxaHomalopsidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Selangor Mud Snake, West Malaysia Water Snake, Indian Water Snake
G: Indische Wassertrugnatter 
SynonymRaclitia indica GRAY 1842: 67
Hypsirhina indica — BOULENGER 1896
Enhydris indica — TWEEDIE 1953: 86
Enhydris indica — GRANDISON 1978: 291
Enhydris indica — CHAN-ARD et al. 1999: 32
Enhydris indica — MURPHY 2007: 125
Enhydris indica — WALLACH et al. 2014: 271
Raclitia indica — MURPHY & VORIS 2014: 33 
DistributionWest Malaysia, Singapore

Type locality: see comment  
Reproductionovoviviparous 
TypesType: BMNH 1946.1.2.36 (and possibly additional specimens). 
DiagnosisDIAGNOSIS (genus): A slender body with a short, tiny head barely wider than the neck. Scale rows at mid-body 19, reduced to 17 rows posteriorly. Scales smooth; nasals in contact; ventrals exceptionally wide (MURPHY & VORIS 2014: 33).


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CommentType locality: given as “India” by Gray.

Type species: Raclitia indica GRAY 1842: 67 is the type species of the genus Raclitia GRAY 1842, a sister genus of Erpeton (Quah et al. 2018).

Abundance: Rare. This is one of the species called 'lost' and 'rediscovered' by Lindken et al. 2024. 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality, erroneously thought to be in India. 
References
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1896. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum, Vol. 3. London (Taylor & Francis), xiv + 727 pp. - get paper here
  • FIGUEROA, ALEX; MARTYN E.Y. LOW, KELVIN K.P. LIM 2023. Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution. Zootaxa 5287 (1): 001–378 - get paper here
  • Grandison, A. G. C. 1978. Snakes of West Malaysia and Singapore. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 81 [1977]: 283-303 - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1842. Monographic Synopsis of the Water Snakes, or the Family of Hydridae. Zoological Miscellany 2: 59-68. - get paper here
  • Lindken T.; Anderson, C. V., Ariano-Sánchez, D., Barki, G., Biggs, C., Bowles, P., Chaitanya, R., Cronin, D. T., Jähnig, S. C., Jeschke, J. M., Kennerley, R. J., Lacher, T. E. Jr., Luedtke, J. A., Liu, C., Long, B., Mallon, D., Martin, G. M., Meiri, 2024. What factors influence the rediscovery of lost tetrapod species? Global Change Biology, 30: 1-18 - get paper here
  • Murphy, J.C. & Voris, H.K. 2014. A Checklist and Key to the Homalopsid Snakes (Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes), with the Description of New Genera. FIELDIANA: LIFE AND EARTH SCIENCES (8): 1–43 - get paper here
  • Murphy, John C. 2007. Homalopsid Snakes: Evolution in the Mud. Krieger Publishing, Malabar, Florida, 249 pp.
  • QUAH, EVAN S.H.; PERRY L. WOOD, Jr., L. LEE GRISMER & SHAHRUL ANUAR MOHD SAH, 2018. On the taxonomy and phylogeny of the rare Selangor Mud Snake (Raclitia indica) Gray (Serpentes, Homalopsidae) from Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 4514 (1): 053–064 - get paper here
  • Sind, Law Ing; Neo Xiaoyun, Dennis Nathaniel Chan, Shivaram Rasu 2020. Rediscovery of the Selangor mud snake, Raclitia indica, in Singapore. SINGAPORE BIODIVERSITY RECORDS 2020: 165-167 - get paper here
  • Tweedie, M. W. F. 1953. The snakes of Malaya. Singapore National Printers (Pte) Ltd., Singapore. 139 pp.
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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