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Rhabdophis bindi DAS, SMITH, SIDIK, SARKER, BORUAH, PATEL, MURTHY & DEEPAK, 2021

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Bindee keelback snake 
SynonymRhabdophis bindi DAS, SMITH, SIDIK, SARKER, BORUAH, PATEL, MURTHY & DEEPAK 2021
Rhabdophis himalayanus — RAHMAN & AHMED 2012: 107
Rhabdophis himalayanus — PURKAYASHTA 2013: 93
Rhabdophis himalayanus — HASAN et al. 2014: 134
Rhabdophis himalayanus — HAKIM et al. 2020: 1255
Rhabdophis sp. — DAS 2008: 24
Rhabdophis sp. — DAS et al. 2009: 127,128
Rhabdophis sp. — MAHONY et al. 2009: 89
Rhabdophis sp. — DAS 2010 
DistributionIndia (Assam, Mizoram, Tripura), Bangladesh

Type locality: Maruacherra (30 m elevation, 24.97354 N, 92767 E), Cachar District, Assam, India.  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype. WII-AD632, (Figs 3,7), adult male, collected by Alex Pothmy on 14 April 2019.
Paratypes (n = 4). All from Cachar District, Assam, India. WII-AD45, adult male from Lakhicherra (55 m, 24.97635 N, 92.77700 E), found among tree root undercut close to a water puddle, 3 m away from dry streambed on 28 March 2007 at 1110h; WII-AD46, adult female from Marua Village (32 m, 24.97311 N, 92.76815 E), killed by local people on 2 April 2007 at 1630h; WII-AD48, adult male from Lakhicherra Stream (36 m, 24.97639 N, 92.78058 E), collected among accumulated vegetation 1.5 m away from flowing stream on 26 May 2007 at 1230h; WII-AD47, adult male from Jhum Cultivation field above Borthol Stream (100 m, 24.98411 N, 92.77526 E, on 26 May 2007 at 1730h. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A medium-sized Rhabdophis (sensu stricto) characterized by having: (1) 19 dorsal scale rows at midbody; (2) 157–164 ventrals; (3) nostril located on lateral side of head; (4) internasal truncated anteriorly; (5) nuchal groove absent; (6) no enlarged nuchal scales; (7) a prominent red rhomboid spot on nape; (8) a black subocular stripe present; (9) dorsum brownish, mottled with black and white; two rows of white spots on 2–3 scales on either side (often on 3rd–5th dorsal scale rows), cream towards tail; (10) last two maxillary teeth strongly and abruptly enlarged, preceded by a diastema (Das et al. 2021).


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Comment 
EtymologyThe species epithet, “bindi, is an invariable feminine noun derived from the Sanskrit word ‘bindu’ (meaning a bright spot), referring to the unique “red marking on the nape region of the new species and reminiscent of the “red beauty spot adorning the foreheads of Indian women and signifying the point of creation of the cosmos. 
References
  • Das A, Smith EN, Sidik I, Sarker GC, Boruah B, Patel NG, Murthy B, Deepak V. 2021. Hidden in the plain sight: a new species of Rhabdophis (Serpentes: Natricinae) from the Rhabdophis himalayanus complex. Zootaxa 5020 (3): 401-433 - get paper here
  • Das, A. 2008. Diversity and Distribution of herpetofauna and evaluation of their conservation status in Barail Hill Range (including newly declared Barail Wildlife Sanctuary), Assam, Northeast India, Final Report. Aaranyak, Guwahati, 94 pp
  • Das, A. 2010. Systematics and biogeography of the snakes of Northeast India. PhD thesis, Utkal University, Orissa, 467 pp
  • Das, Abhijit; Uttam Saikia, B. H. C. K. Murthy, Santanu Dey and Sushil K. Dutta 2009. A herpetofaunal inventory of Barail Wildlife Sanctuary and adjacent regions, Assam, north-eastern India. Hamadryad 34 (1): 117 – 134 - get paper here
  • Hakim, J., Trageser, S. J., Ghose, A., Rashid, S. M. A., & Rahman, S. C. 2020. Amphibians and reptiles from Lawachara National Park in Bangladesh. Check List, 16: 1239 - get paper here
  • Hasan, M. K.; M. M. H. Khan and M. M. Feeroz 2014. Amphibians and Reptiles of Bangladesh— A Field Guide. Arannayk Foundation, Dhaka, 191 pp.
  • Mahony, Stephen; Md. Kamrul Hasan, Md. Mofizul Kabir, Mushfiq Ahmed and Md. Kamal Hossain. 2009. A catalogue of amphibians and reptiles in the collection of Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Hamadryad 34 (1): 80 – 94 - get paper here
  • Purkayastha J. 2013. An Amateur’s Guide to Reptiles of Assam. EBH Publishers (India) - get paper here
  • Rahman, S.C. & Ahmed M. 2012. Rhabdophis himalayanus (Himalayan Keelback) geographic distribution. Herpetological Review, 43 (1), 107
 
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