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Rhampholeon bombayi HUGHES, DEHLING, MENEGON, KUSAMBA & GREENBAUM, 2024

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Higher TaxaChamaeleonidae, Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Bombay’s pygmy chameleon 
SynonymRhampholeon bombayi HUGHES, DEHLING, MENEGON, KUSAMBA & GREENBAUM in HUGHES et al. 2024 2024: 476
Rhampholeon boulengeri — DE WITTE 1965 (partim)
Rhampholeon boulengeri — FISCHER & HINKEL 1993
Rhampholeon boulengeri — HINKEL 1996
Rhampholeon boulengeri — TILBURY & TOLLEY 2015 (partim)
Rhampholeon boulengeri — SPAWLS et al. 2018 (partim)
Rhampholeon boulengeri — TILBURY 2018 (partim)
Rhampholeon sp. 3 — HUGHES et al. 2018 
DistributionDemocratic Republic of Congo (Katanga: South Kivu)

Type locality: DRC, South Kivu Province, near Kalundu, 03.15552° S, 28.42108° E, 1482 m elevation.  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype. UTEP 21701 (field no. ELI 602), adult female, 21 December 2010, collected by E. Greenbaum, C. Kusamba, M.M. Aristote, and W.M. Muninga (Fig. 12A).
Paratypes. Two adult females, UTEP 21702, 22722 (field nos. ELI 617–618), DRC, South Kivu Province, Kalundu/Mwana River, 03.15786° S, 28.4273° E, 1455 m elevation, 22 December 2010, collected by E. Greenbaum, C. Kusamba, M.M. Aristote, and W.M. Muninga. One adult male, UTEP 22721 (field no. ELI 598), DRC, South Kivu Province, vicinity of Kalundu, 03.15387° S, 28.42487° E, 1525 m elevation, 21 December 2010, collected by E. Greenbaum, C. Kusamba, M.M. Aristote, and W.M. Muninga. Four adult females, UTEP 22674, 21703, 22675– 22676 (CRSN HERP 2920, 2984–2986), DRC, South Kivu Province, Mwana Kisanga, 03.15146° S, 28.44403° E, 1529 m elevation, November 2014, collected by C. Kusamba. One adult male and three adult females, UTEP 22677–22680 (CRSN HERP 2987–2988, 2995–2996), DRC, South Kivu Province, Mwana Kisanga, 03.15678° S, 28.43448° E, 1450 m elevation, November 2014, collected by C. Kusamba. One adult female, UTEP 22681 (CRSN HERP 2999), DRC, South Kivu Province, Hill Nkala Summit, 03.16036° S, 28.43740° E, 1555 m elevation, November 2014, collected by C. Kusamba.
Referred specimens. UTEP 22689, 22692, 22693–22696 (field nos. JMD 2014-53, 2014-101, 2014-103–106), RWANDA, Western Province, Nyungwe National Park, Kamiranzovu Swamp (02.46573° S, 29.15917° E, 2213 m elevation) (6 specimens). UTEP 22690–22691 (field nos. JMD 2014-55–56), RWANDA, Western Province, Nyungwe National Park, Kamiranzovu Swamp (02.47350° S, 29.16647° E, 2330 m elevation) (2 specimens) (Fig. 12D-F). MTSN 7075–7076, RWANDA, Western Province, Nyungwe National Park (02.56753° S, 29.23079° E, 2003 m elevation) (2 specimens). MTSN 7123, RWANDA, Western Province, Cyamudongo Forest (02.54529° S, 28.98507° E, 2033 m elevation) (1 specimen). UTEP 22697 (field no. JMD 2014-107), RWANDA, Western Province, Cyamudongo Forest (02.53851° S, 28.99328° E, 1857 m elevation) (1 specimen). UTEP 21706, 22724– 22726 (field nos. ELI 739–741, 796), DRC, South Kivu Province, Itombwe Plateau, vicinity of Tumungu (03.53545° S, 28.67411° E, 1835 m elevation) (4 specimens) (Fig. 12C). UTEP 21704–21705 (field nos. EBG 1286, 1346), DRC, South Kivu Province, vicinity of Irangi (*collection notes indicate that these specimens were collected at a nearby location by a local person [see Hughes et al. 2018]) (2 specimens) (Fig. 12B). UTEP 21708 (field no. EBG 1189), DRC, South Kivu Province, Tshibati (02.22640° S, 28.77940° E, 2030 m elevation) (1 specimen). MTSN 1640–1641 (field nos. D.C. Moyer 1640–1641), DRC, South Kivu Province, Kabobo Mountains, Kizamba River (05.38097° S, 29.19563° E, 1904 m elevation) (2 specimens). UTEP 22682 (field no. MUSE 10154), DRC, South Kivu Province, Itombwe Plateau, Atuyaumbu (03.56424° S, 28.25707° E, 1582 m elevation) (1 specimen). UTEP 21707, 22723 (field nos. MUSE 10146–10147), DRC, South Kivu Province, Itombwe Plateau, Mabwe (03.60583° S, 28.34308° E, 1582 m elevation) (2 specimens). 
Diagnosis 
Comment 
EtymologyNamed after Sidi Mubarak Bombay, an explorer of the waYao tribe who guided, led, and interpreted for the expeditions of both Speke and Burton to discover the source of the Nile, helped Stanley find Livingstone, and with Cameron, became the first known African to cross the African continent from east to west (Millard 2022). Bombay was sold into slavery as a child and ended his life as the greatest African explorer of all time. 
References
  • HUGHES, D. F., BEHANGANA, M., LUKWAGO, W., MENEGON, M., DEHLING, J. M., WAGNER, P., ... & GREENBAUM, E. 2024. Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa’s Albertine Rift. Zootaxa 5458 (4): 451-494 - get paper here
 
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