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Scelarcis perspicillata (DUMÉRIL & BIBRON, 1839)

IUCN Red List - Scelarcis perspicillata - Least Concern, LC

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Higher TaxaLacertidae, Lacertinae, Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesScelarcis perspicillata chabanaudi (WERNER 1931)
Scelarcis perspicillata pellegrini (WERNER 1929)
Scelarcis perspicillata perspicillata (DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839) 
Common NamesE: Menorca Wall Lizard
G: Brilleneidechse
chabanaudi: Genetzte Brilleneidechse 
SynonymLacerta perspicillata DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839: 249
Lacerta perspicillata — GUICHENOT 1850: 12
Lacerta (Thetia) perspicillata — BOULENGER 1920: 335
Podarcis perspicillata — ARNOLD 1973
Lacerta perspicillata — WELCH 1982
Podarcis perspicillata — RICHTER 1986: 399
Podarcis perspicillata — ENGELMANN et al 1993
Teira perspicillata — MAYER & BISCHOFF 1996: 169
Scelarcis perspicillata — BONS & GENIEZ 1996
Podarcis perspicillata — SCHLEICH, KÄSTLE & KABISCH 1996: 441
Lacerta (Teira) perspicillata — HARRIS et al. 2003
Teira perspicillata — SCHLÜTER 2004: 44
Scelarcis perspicillata — ARNOLD et al. 2007
Teira perspicillata — KWET 2010
Scelarcis perspicillata — MEDIANI et al. 2015
Scelarcis perspicillata — LANUZA et al. 2016
Scelarcis perspicillata — MENDES et al. 2016

Scelarcis perspicillata chabanaudi (WERNER, 1931)
Lacerta perspicillata chabanaudi WERNER, 1931: 286
Lacerta perspicillata chabanaudi — HEDIGER 1935
Lacerta perspicillata chabanaudi — TIEDEMANN et al. 1994
Teira perspicillata chabanaudi — SCHLÜTER 2003
Lacerta (Scelarcis) perspicillata chabanaudi — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Scelarcis perspicillata chabanaudi — PEREIRA et al. 2019

Scelarcis perspicillata pellegrini (WERNER, 1929)
Lacerta perspicillata pellegrini WERNER 1929: 5
Lacerta perspicillata pellegrini — WERNER 1931: 286
Lacerta perspicillata pellegrini forma Rerahiensis WERNER 1931: 287
Lacerta perspicillata pellegrini forma Tazana WERNER 1931: 287
Lacerta (Scelarcis) perspicillata pellegrini — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Scelarcis perspicillata pellegrini — PEREIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionW/C Morocco (Middle and High Atlas), N/W Algeria, Spain (Menorca Island, introduced)

chabanaudi: Morocco; Type locality: Chella bei Rabat (= Chellah de Rabat); Fes, Marokko.

pellegrini: Morocco; Type locality: Safron (= Sefrou), Marokko;  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 2749
Syntypes: NMW 16225, female; NMW 11153, female, MCZ 29981 [chabanaudi]
Holotype: MCZ R 27390 (29983 in catalogue); Syntype: NMW 11154; paratype: MNHN [pellegrini] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): The only genus in the Lacertini with a transparent window in the lower eyelid consisting of a single scale. Also possessing the following features found only in a minority of other Lacertini: usual number of presacral vertebrae 26–27 in males, medial loop of clavicle always interrupted posteriorly, lateral arms of interclavicle directed obliquely backwards, hemipenis with large sulcal lips on lobes, outer edge of parietal scale reaching lateral border of parietal table both posteriorly and anteriorly, nostril separated from first upper labial scale, five or more upper labial scales in front of subocular; no enlarged masseteric scale, 10–12 longitudinal rows of ventral scales, preanal scale often bordered by two semicircles of smaller scales, some animals without markings and others with broad dorsolateral stripes; no blue spots on lateral edges of the outer ventral scales. Other more widely distributed features include: head not strongly depressed, usually seven premaxillary teeth in adults, inscriptional ribs usually absent, tail brightly coloured in hatchlings, hemipenial microornamentation of hook-like spines (from Arnold et al. 2007: 55).


Additional details (1878 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSubspecies: Besides the subspecies chabanaudi and pellegrini, Werner 1931 also described several “forms”, namely “Rerahiensis” and “Tazana”.

Genus: A separate (sub-) genus Scelarcis was proposed for this distinct species. BONS & GENIEZ (1996) reject the subspecies of P. perspicillata because of their mixed distribution pattern.

Type species: Lacerta perspicillata Duméril & Bibron, 1839 is the type species of the genus Scelarcis FITZINGER 1843.

Phylogenetics. Mitochondrial data (Harris and Arnold 1999, Oliverio et al. 2000) and morphology (Arnold 1989) suggest Teira perspicillata is a sister taxon to Teira dugesii (Milne-Edwards, 1829) which has been confirmed by Mendes et al. 2016. It is thus best placed in Teira (type species: dugesii) for the time being (although Mendes et al. 2016 maintain it in a separate genus). Preliminary evicence of large amount of genetic divergence concordant with sharp morphological variation (Harris et al. 2003) suggest that several species are presently confounded within this species (Jeroen Speybroeck, pers. comm. and cited references). 
References
  • Arnold, E.N.; Arribas, O. & Carranza, S. 2007. Systematics of the Palaearctic and Oriental lizard tribe Lacertini (Squamata: Lacertidae: Lacertinae), with descriptions of eight new genera. Zootaxa 1430: 1-86 - get paper here
  • Barata, Mafalda; Ana Perera, D. James Harris, Arie van der Meijden, Salvador Carranza, Francisco Ceacero, Enrique García-Muñoz, Duarte Gonçalves, Sérgio Henriques, Fátima Jorge, Jonathan C. Marshall, Luis Pedrajas and Pedro Sousa 2011. New observations of amphibians and reptiles in Morocco, with a special emphasis on the eastern region. Herpetological Bulletin (116): 4 - get paper here
  • Berg, M.P. van den & Zawadzki, M. & Kroniger, M. 2013. Herpetological trip to Menorca (Balearics, Spain): April 30 till May 11, 2012. http://www.lacerta.de/AS/Artikel.php?Article=162 - get paper here
  • Bischoff, W. 2007. Auf der Suche nach Gebirgseidechsen in drei Erdteilen. Draco 7 (27): 54-73 - get paper here
  • Bons, J. & Geniez.,P 1996. Amphibiens et Reptiles du Maroc (Sahara Occidental compris), Atlas biogéographique [trilingual in French, Spanish and English]. Asoc. Herpetol. Espanola, Barcelona [ISBN 84-921999-0-3], 320 pp.
  • Boulenger, George A. 1891. Catalogue of the reptiles and batrachians of Barbary (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia), based chiefly upon the notes and collections made in 1880-1884 by M. Fernand Lataste. Tr. Zool. Soc. 13: 93-164
  • Boulenger,G.A. 1920. Monograph of the Lacertidae, vol. 1. British Museum (London) - get paper here
  • Crochet, Pierre Andre; Raphael Leblois, Julien Pierre Renoult 2015. New reptile records from Morocco and Western Sahara. Herpetology Notes 8: 583-588 - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1839. Erpétologie Générale on Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles. Vol. 5. Roret/Fain et Thunot, Paris, 871 pp. - get paper here
  • Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248
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  • Harris, D.J. & Arnold, E.N. 1999. Relationships of wall lizards, Podarcis (Reptilia: Lacertidae) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences. Copeia 1999 (3): 749-754 - get paper here
  • Harris, D.J., Carretero, M., Perera, A., Perez-Mellado, V., Ferrand, N. 2003. Complex patterns of genetic diversity within Lacerta (Teira) perspicillata: Preliminary evidence from 12S rRNA sequence data. Amphibia-Reptilia 24 (3): 386-390 - get paper here
  • Hediger, H. 1935. Herpetologische Beobachtungen in Marokko. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel 46: 1-49
  • Koziel, G., S’khifa, A., Kirchhof, S., MacLeod, A., Joger, U., Sinervo, B., ... & Vences, M. 2021. Inference of lizard preferred temperatures differs substantially among experimental methods. Salamandra 57 (2): 263-273 - get paper here
  • Kwet, A. 2010. Reptilien und Amphibien Europas. Kosmos-Verlag, Stuttgart, 252 pp.
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  • Martínez del Mármol, Gabriel; D. James Harris, Philippe Geniez, Philip de Pous, and Daniele Salvi 2019. Amphibians and Reptiles of Morocco. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 478 pp - get paper here
  • Mayer, W., and Bischoff, W. 1996. Beiträge zur taxonomischen Revision der Gattung Lacerta (Reptilia: Lacertidae). Teil 1: Zootoca, Omanosaura, Timon und Teira als eigenständige Gattungen. Salamandra 32 (3): 163-170 - get paper here
  • Mediani, Mohamed; José Carlos Brito, Soumia Fahd 2015. Atlas of the amphibians and reptiles of northern Morocco: updated distribution and patterns of habitat selection. Basic and Applied Herpetology 29: - get paper here
  • Mendes, Joana; D. James Harris, Salvador Carranza, Daniele Salvi 2016. Evaluating the phylogenetic signal limit from mitogenomes, slow evolving nuclear genes, and the concatenation approach. New insights into the Lacertini radiation using fast evolving nuclear genes and species trees. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 100: 254–267, doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.04.016 - get paper here
  • Oliverio, M.; Bologna, M.A. & Mariottini, P. 2000. Molecular biogeography of the Mediterranean lizards Podarcis Wagler, 1830 and Teira Gray, 1838 (Reptilia, Lacertidae). Journal of Biogeography 27: 1403–1420. - get paper here
  • Pereira, Ana; Raquel Xavier, Ana Perera, Daniele Salvi, D James Harris 2019. DNA metabarcoding to assess diet partitioning and feeding strategies in generalist vertebrate predators: a case study on three syntopic lacertid lizards from Morocco. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, Volume 127, Issue 4, August 2019, Pages 800–809, - get paper here
  • Perera, A.; Pérez-Mellado, V.; Carretero, M. A.; Harris, D. J. 2006. Variation between populations in the diet of the Mediterranean lizard Lacerta perspicillata. The Herpetological Journal 16: 107-113 - get paper here
  • Pérez I de Lanuza G, Font E 2016. The evolution of colour pattern complexity: selection for conspicuousness favours contrasting within-body colour combinations in lizards. J Evol Biol. doi: 10.1111/jeb.12835 - get paper here
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  • Richter, K. 1979. Lacerta dugesii Milne-Edwards, 1829 und Lacerta perspicillata Dumeril et Bibron, 1839 gehören zur Gattung Podarcis Wagler, Subgenus Teira Gray, 1838 (Reptilia, Lacertidae). Zool. Abh. Mus. Tierk. Dresden 36: 1-9.
  • Richter,K. 1986. Podarcis perspicillata - Brilleneidechse. In: Böhme,W. (ed.), Handbuch der Reptilien und Amphibien Europas, Band 2/II., Echsen III (Podarcis). Aula-Verlag Wiesbaden, pp. 399-408
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  • Schleich, H.H., Kästle,W., Kabisch, K. 1996. Amphibians and Reptiles of North Africa. Koeltz, Koenigstein, 627 pp.
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  • Tiedemann,F.; Häupl,M. & Grillitsch,H. 1994. Katalog der Typen der herpetologischen Sammlung nach dem Stand vom 1. Jänner 1994. Teil II: Reptilia. Kat. wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 10 (Vertebrata 4): 1-110
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  • Werner,F. 1929. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise nach Westalgerien und Marokko. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, math.-naturw. kl., Abt. 1, 138; 1-34 - get paper here
  • Werner,F. 1931. Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise nach Marokko. III. Unternommen 1930 mit Unterstützung der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien von Franz Werner und Richard Ebner. III. Amphibien und Reptilien. Sitzungsber. Akad. Wiss. Wien Mathem.-Naturw., Sect. 1, 140: 272-318 - get paper here
  • Zawadzki, Mike 2014. Menorca – Vom Winde umweht. Terraria-Elaphe 2014 (4): 26-30 - get paper here
 
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