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Spalerosophis arenarius (BOULENGER, 1890)

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Red spotted royal snake, Red-spotted Diadem Snake 
SynonymZamenis arenarius BOULENGER 1890: 329
Zamenis arenarius — BOULENGER 1893: 413
Spalerosophis arenarius — SCHMIDT 1930
Coluber arenarius — SMITH 1943: 175
Spalerosophis arenarius — MINTON 1966
Spalerosophis arenarius — DAS 1996: 59
Spalerosophis arenarius — SCHÄTTI et al. 2009
Spalerosophis arenarius — WALLACH et al. 2014: 682 
DistributionIndia (Rajpootana, Jammu and Kashmir), Pakistan (Karachi, Sind)

Type locality: Karachi and Sind; restricted to Karachi by MARX 1959.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesTypes: BMNH 1946.1.12.93 (and possibly additional specimens). 
Diagnosis 
CommentHabitat: partly arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018).

Distribution: For a map see Sindaco et al. 2013,Yadollahvandmiandoab at al. 2022: Fig. 3. 
References
  • Baig, Khalid J. and Rafaqat Masroor 2008. The snakes of the genus Spalerosophis Jan, 1865 in Indo-Pakistan and Iran (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetozoa 20 (3/4): 109-115 [2007] - get paper here
  • Baig, KJ, Masroor, R., and Arshad, M. 2008. Biodiversity and ecology of the herpetofauna of Cholistan Desert, Pakistan. Russ. J. Herpetol. 15 (3): 193-205 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1890. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii, 541 pp. - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Lanza, B. 1964. Il genere Sphalerosophis e descrizione di una nuova specie (Reptilia, Serpentes). Monit. zool. ital. 72: 47-64.
  • Marx, H. 1959. Review of the colubrid snake genus Spalerosophis. Fieldiana Zoology 39: 347-361. - get paper here
  • Mehrtens, J.M. 1987. Living snakes of the world in color. Sterling Publ. Co., hic., New York, NY: 480 pp.
  • Minton, S. A. Jr. 1966. A contribution to the herpetology of West Pakistan. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 134: 29-184. - get paper here
  • Sahi D.N., Koul S. 2020. Annotated List of Amphibians and Reptiles of Jammu and Kashmir State. In: Dar G. & Khuroo A. (eds) Biodiversity of the Himalaya: Jammu and Kashmir State. Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation, vol 18. Springer, Singapore - get paper here
  • Schätti, B.; Tillack, F. & Helfenberger, N. 2009. A contribution to Spalerosophis microlepis JAN 1865, with a short review of the genus and a key to the species (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetozoa 22 (3/4): 115-135 - get paper here
  • Sharma, R. C. 2004. Handbook Indian Snakes. AKHIL BOOKS, New Delhi, 292 pp.
  • Sindaco, R.; Alberto Venchi & Cristina Grieco 2013. The Reptiles of the Western Palearctic, Volume 2: Annotated Checklist and Distributional Atlas of the Snakes of Europe, North Africa, Middle East and Central Asia, with an Update to Volume 1. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 543 pp. - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. 3 (Serpentes). Taylor and Francis, London. 583 pp.
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Whitaker, Romulus and Ashok Captain 2004. Snakes of India. Draco Books, 500 pp., reprinted 2007 - get paper here
  • Yadollahvandmiandoab, R., Koroiva, R., Bashirichelkasari, N. & Daniel Oliveira Mesquita 2022. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of the poorly known genus Spalerosophis (Serpentes: Colubridae). Org Divers Evol (2022) - get paper here
 
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