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Sphaerodactylus vincenti BOULENGER, 1891

IUCN Red List - Sphaerodactylus vincenti - Least Concern, LC

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Higher TaxaSphaerodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
SubspeciesSphaerodactylus vincenti adamas SCHWARTZ 1964
Sphaerodactylus vincenti diamesus SCHWARTZ 1964
Sphaerodactylus vincenti festus BARBOUR 1915
Sphaerodactylus vincenti josephinae SCHWARTZ 1964
Sphaerodactylus vincenti monilifer BARBOUR 1921
Sphaerodactylus vincenti paulmarinae BREUIL 2013
Sphaerodactylus vincenti pheristus SCHWARTZ 1964
Sphaerodactylus vincenti psammius SCHWARTZ 1964
Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi SCHWARTZ 1964
Sphaerodactylus vincenti vincenti BOULENGER 1891 
Common NamesE: Windward Geckolet, Central Lesser Antillean sphaero, Vincent's Least Gecko 
SynonymSphaerodactylus vincenti BOULENGER 1891: 354
Sphaerodactylus vincenti — COCHRAN 1934: 13
Sphaerodactylus vincenti — KING 1962: 30
Sphaerodactylus vincenti — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 544
Sphaerodactylus vincenti — KLUGE 1993
Sphaerodactylus vincenti — RÖSLER 2000: 114

Sphaerodactylus vincenti adamas SCHWARTZ 1964
Sphaerodactylus vincenti adamas SCHWARTZ 1964: 397
Sphaerodactylus vincenti adamas — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 194
Sphaerodactylus vincenti adamas — BREUIL 1999
Sphaerodactylus vincenti adamas — BREUIL 2013

Sphaerodactylus vincenti diamesus SCHWARTZ 1964
Sphaerodactylus vincenti diamesus SCHWARTZ 1964: 404
Sphaerodactylus vincenti diamesus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 194

Sphaerodactylus vincenti festus BARBOUR 1915
Sphaerodactylus festus BARBOUR 1915: 73
Sphaerodactylus vincenti festus — KING 1962: 30
Sphaerodactylus vincenti festus — BREUIL 2013
Sphaerodactylus festus — HEDGES et al. 2019

Sphaerodactylus vincenti josephinae SCHWARTZ 1964
Sphaerodactylus vincenti josephinae SCHWARTZ 1964: 395
Sphaerodactylus vincenti josephinae — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 195
Sphaerodactylus vincenti josephinae — BREUIL 1999

Sphaerodactylus vincenti monilifer BARBOUR 1921
Sphaerodactylus monilifer BARBOUR 1921: 271
Sphaerodactylus vincenti monilifer — SCHWARTZ 1965
Sphaerodactylus vincenti monilifer — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 195

Sphaerodactylus vincenti paulmarinae BREUIL 2013

Sphaerodactylus vincenti pheristus SCHWARTZ 1964
Sphaerodactylus vincenti pheristus SCHWARTZ 1964: 401
Sphaerodactylus vincenti pheristus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 195
Sphaerodactylus vincenti cf. pheristus — BREUIL 2013

Sphaerodactylus vincenti psammius SCHWARTZ 1964
Sphaerodactylus vincenti psammius SCHWARTZ 1964: 398
Sphaerodactylus vincenti psammius — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 195
Sphaerodactylus vincenti psammius — BREUIL 2013

Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi SCHWARTZ 1964
Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988
Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi — BREUIL 1999
Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi — LECLAIR & LECLAIR 2011
Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi — POWELL & HENDERSON 2012
Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi —  BREUIL 2013 
DistributionAntilles: Martinique, St. Lucia, Dominica, St. Vincent

vincenti: St. Vincent. Type locality: St. Vincent.

adamas: Rocher de Diamant off the southern tip of Martinique. Type locality: Rocher de Diamant, Martinique.

diamesus: Vigie Beach, Casties Quarter, St. Lucia. Type locality: Vigie Beach, Castries Quarter, St. Lucia.

festus: Martinique; leeward coast (Fort-de-France to 1 km NW Schoelcher), and inland to vicinity of Didier and St.-Joseph. Type locality: Martinique; restricted to Fort-de-France, Martinique, by Barbour, 1921,

josephinae: southwestern peninsula of Martinique. Type locality: Habitation Dizac, 1.5 km W Le Diamant, Martinique.

monilifer: Dominica. Type locality: Dominica.

paulmarinae: Martinique; Type locality: “au sud du Point de vue de l’Anse Galet à 150 m d’altitude”

pheristus: northeastern interior of Martinique; intergrades with S. v. ronaldi on north coast. Type locality: 6 km SW Ajoupa-Bouillon, 1600 ft., Martinique.

psammius: extreme southwestern Martinique. Type locality: 5 km S Ste.-Anne, Grande Anse des Salines, Martinique.

ronaldi: eastern coast of Martinique; intergrades with S. v. pheristus. Type locality: 3 km NE Tartane, Martinique.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1946.8.26.38-48
Holotype: MCZ 77130 [adamas]
Holotype: MCZ 77075 [diamesus]
Holotype: MCZ 10622 [festus]
Holotype: MCZ 77057 [josephinae]
Holotype: MCZ 10786 [monilifer]
Holotype: MNHN-RA 2000.6368, adult female; paratypes: MNHN-RA [paulmarinae]
Holotype: MCZ 77074 [pheristus]
Holotype: MCZ 77064 [psammius]
Holotype: MCZ 77089 [ronaldi] 
DiagnosisDESCRIPTION: Size large (maximum SVL in males to 40 mm, in females to·40
mm); dorsals small, keeled, granular, dorsal scales axilla to groin 29-64; middorsal zone of small scales; ventrals smooth and cycloid to keeled and acute, axilla to groin 26-38; dorsal caudal scales keeled, flat, imbricate, acute, ventral caudal scales cycloid, imbricate, with enlarged midventral row; snout scales flat, keeled, juxtaposed; 1 postnasal; 0-3 internasals; upper labials to mideye 2-4; gular scales with weak to strong keeling; chest scales smooth or keeled; midbody scales 44-75; escutcheon 3-11 x 18-36. Head with light to medium brown or yellow ground color; dorsal pattern variable, at times sexually dichromatic, but usually with (1) a pair of black-edged, white ocelli, or (2) a nuchal bar or widely opened white or light brown V (best expressed in juveniles); dorsal ground color dirty yellow to some shade of brown; light suprapostorbital lines often present, joining in region of ocelli (if present), and in some cases extending farther back onto trunk; in pelvic region, frequent fusion of spots to form prominent, white V; dorsum frequently with brown flecking; limbs may be marbled with dark brown; venter pale purplish, grayish pink, light to medium brown or gray; chin and throat uniform light brown, deep yellow to deep orange, or may have gray or brown bars or vermiculations; tail with dark-edged, white dorsolateral spots or white crossbars; underside of tail light brown to dull orange; iris brown, blue, blue-gray, or bluish green (Schwartz & Henderson 1991: 544). 
CommentFor illustrations see Barbour, 1921; King, 1962; Schwartz, 1964.

Synonymy: the MCZ catalogue lists Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi as a synonym of Sphaerodactylus fantasticus karukera. 
EtymologyNamed after the island of St. Vincent. 
References
  • Barbour, T. 1915. Recent notes regarding West Indian reptiles and amphibians. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 28: 71-78 - get paper here
  • Barbour, T. 1921. Sphaerodactylus. Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. (Harvard) 47: 215-282. - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1891. On reptiles, batrachians, and fishes from the lesser West Indies. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1891: 351-357. - get paper here
  • Breuil, Michel 1999. Atlas des Amphibiens et Reptiles de Martinique. Parc Naturel Régional de la Martinique
  • Breuil, Michel 2013. Composition et endémisme de l’herpétofaune martiniquaise : histoire géologique et différenciation intra-insulaire du sphérodactyle. Biodiversité insulaire, la flore, la faune et l’homme dans les Petites Antilles, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, pp. 116-129; <br />ISBN 978-2-9545484-0-1
  • Cochran, D. M. 1934. Herpetological collections from the West Indies made by Dr. Paul Bartsch under The Walter Rathbone Bacon Scholarship, 1928-1930. Smithsonian Misc. Coll. 92 (7): 1-48. - get paper here
  • Hedges SB, Powell R, Henderson RW, Hanson S, and Murphy JC 2019. Definition of the Caribbean Islands biogeographic region, with checklist and recommendations for standardized common names of amphibians and reptiles. Caribbean Herpetology 67: 1–53
  • King, W. 1962. Systematics of Lesser Antillean lizards of the genus Sphaerodactylus. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences, 7:1-52 - get paper here
  • Lazell, J. 1994. A new Sphaerodactylus (Sauria: Gekkonidae) from Bequia, Grenada Bank, Lesser Antilles. Breviora (496):1-20. - get paper here
  • Leclair, Raymond and Maria Helena Leclair 2011. Life-History Traits in a Population of the Dwarf Gecko, Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi, from a Xerophytic Habitat in Martinique, West Indies. Copeia 2011 (4): 566-576. - get paper here
  • Malhotra, A. & Thorpe, R.S. 1999. Reptiles & Amphibians of the Eastern Caribbean. MacMillan, London & Oxford
  • Malhotra, Anita; Thorpe, Roger S.; Hypolite, Eric; James, Arlington. 2007. A report on the status of the herpetofauna of the Commonwealth of Dominica, West Indies. Applied Herpetology 4 (2):177-194 - get paper here
  • Marcum, M.A.; Powell, M.A.; Muensch, A.J.; Arnold, H.F. & Powell, R. 2008. Social behaviour of the dwarf gecko Sphaerodactylus vincenti vincenti on St. Vincent, Lesser Antilles. Salamandra 44 (1): 15-22 - get paper here
  • Rösler, H. 2000. Kommentierte Liste der rezent, subrezent und fossil bekannten Geckotaxa (Reptilia: Gekkonomorpha). Gekkota 2: 28-153
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp.
  • Schwartz, Albert 1964. A review of Sphaerodactylus vincenti on the Southern Windward Islands. Carib. J. Sci. 4 (2/3): 391-409
  • Steinberg, D. S., J. L. Hite, R. Powell and R. W. Henderson. 2008. Sphaerodactylus vincenti. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles (853): 1-6 - get paper here
  • Steinberg, D.S., S.D. Powell, R. Powell, J.S. Parmerlee, jr. & R.W. Henderson 2007. Population densities, water-loss rates, and diets of Sphaerodactylus vincenti on St. Vincent, West Indies Journal of Herpetology 41 (2): 330-336. - get paper here
 
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