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Stenorrhina degenhardtii (BERTHOLD, 1846)

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesStenorrhina degenhardtii ocellata JAN & SORDELLI 1876
Stenorrhina degenhardtii degenhardtii (BERTHOLD 1846)
Stenorrhina degenhardtii mexicana (STEINDACHNER 1867) 
Common NamesE: Degenhardt's Scorpion-eating Snake
G: Degenhardts Skorpionfresser
S: Alacranera de Degenhardt 
SynonymCalamaria Degenhardtii BERTHOLD 1846: 8
Stenorrhina degenhardtii — COPE 1876: 142
Stenorrhina Degenhardti — BOULENGER 1896: 399
Stenorrhina freminvillei — STAFFORD 1991 (in error)
Stenorrhina degenhardtii — LINER 1994
Stenorrhina degenhardtii — LEHR 2002: 205
Stenorrhina degenhardtii — WALLACH et al. 2014: 688
Stenorrhina degenhardtii — MARTÍNEZ-FONSECA et al. 2024

Stenorrhina degenhardtii ocellata JAN 1876
Stenorhina degenhardtii var. ocellata JAN & SORDELLI 1876
Stenorhina degenhardtii ocellata — ROZE 1959: 11
Stenorrhina degenhardtii ocellata — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 286
Stenorrhina degenhardtii ocellata — KORNACKER 1999: 136
Stenorrhina degenhardtii ocellata — SAVAGE & MCDIARMID 2017: 68

Stenorrhina degenhardtii degenhardtii (BERTHOLD 1846)
Stenorhina ventralis DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 867
Stenorhina Kennicottiana COPE 1860: 242
Stenorhina ventralis — COPE 1869: 162
Stenorhina degenhardtii degenhardtii — JAN 1876
Stenorrhina degenhardti degenhardti — LAURENT 1949: 13
Stenorrhina degenhardti ventralis — LAURENT 1949: 13
Stenorrhina degenhardtii degenhardtii — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970

Stenorrhina degenhardtii mexicana (STEINDACHNER 1867)
Bergenia mexicana STEINDACHNER 1867: 92
Stenorhina mexicana — TAYLOR 1941: 122
Stenorrhina degenhardtii mexicana — SMITH 1943: 472
Stenorrhina degenhardtii mexicana — SMITH & TAYLOR 1945: 132
Stenorrhina degenhardtii mexicana — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970 
DistributionSE Mexico (incl. Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz), Guatemala, El Salvador ?, Belize (Cayo [HR 27: 214]), Honduras (elevation 100-1630 m), Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela (coastal range, Barinas [HR 32: 280]), W Ecuador, Peru.

Type locality: not stated [Neu-Granada implied from title of paper], but given as: "Provinz Popayan, etwa 2° N. B. und 301° L." by Berthold, 1846:4 [= "western Colombia, probably on the Pacific versant," according to Myers and Böhme, 1996:17]).

ocellata: Venezuela; Type locality: Puerto Cabello, Venezuela

mexicana: Mexico (C Veracruz southward to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec) (Smith & Taylor 1945).  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ZFMK 36828, formerly ZIUG (Göttingen)
Holotype: ANSP 3752, Isthmus of Panama [Kennicottiana]
Holotype: unknown fide Smith & Taylor 1945: 132 [mexicana]
Holotype: ZMH, possibly lost as not mentioned by Hallermann 1998 [ocellata] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Stenorrhina degenhardtii can be distinguished from all other Honduran snakes, except Stenorrhinafreminvillii, in having the internasal fused to the anterior section of the nasal. Stenorrhinafreminvillii has a lineate dorsal pattern, at least anteriorly (versus blotched, spotted, or nearly uniformly brown in S. degenhardtii) (McCranie 2011: 210; diagnosis may not apply to range outside Honduras).


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CommentSynonymy after PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970.

Max. total length: 65 cm

Type species: Calamaria Degenhardtii BERTHOLD 1846: 8 is the type species of the genus Stenorrhina DUMÉRIL 1853.

Diet: yes, they do eat scorpions! (Jackson et al. 2019). 
EtymologyNamed after a Mr. Degenhardt, an elusive German collector in New Grenada in the 1840s. He made a collection of herpetofauna that he sent to Berthold at Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen.

The genus was named after Greek steno (στενο), narrow, tight + Greek rhinos (ρινός), from (ῥῑς), nose. ["... Orifices des narines percés dans une seule plaque…"]. 
References
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