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Synophis bogerti TORRES-CARVAJAL, ECHEVARRÍA, VENEGAS, CHÁVEZ & CAMPER, 2015

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Diaphorolepidini, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Bogert's Shadow Snake
Spanish: Culebras Andinas de la Sombra de Bogert 
SynonymSynophis bogerti TORRES-CARVAJAL, ECHEVARRÍA, VENEGAS, CHÁVEZ & CAMPER 2015
Synophis bicolor — BOGERT 1964: 515 (part) 
DistributionEcuador (Napo), elevation 1000–1750 m

Type locality: Ecuador, Provincia Napo, Wildsumaco Wildlife Sanctuary, sendero Coatí (0°38'8.40"S, 77°31'19.20"W, 1000 m  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype: QCAZ 12791 (Figs 1, 2), adult male, collected on 18 July 2014 by J. D. Camper. Paratypes. Ecuador: Provincia Morona Santiago: QCAZ 13323 adult male from Laguna Cormorán, Sardinayacu, Parque Nacional Sangay (2°4'17.51"S, 78°12'57.24"W, 1747 m), collected on 16 January 2015 by J. Pinto, D. Velalcázar and D. Nuñez. Provincia Napo: QCAZ 3511, adult female from Cordillera de los Guacamayos (0°37'40.16"S, 77°50'0.98"W, 1200 m), collected on 1 August 1995 by S. Burneo and M. Díaz; QCAZ 5072 adult male from Wildsumaco Wildlife Sanctuary (0°41'9.26"S, 77°35'54.93"W, 1250 m), collected on 26 July 2012 by J. D. Camper; QCAZ 11070 adult female from Reserva Ecológica Antisana, sector Cocodrilos, Coc- odrilos-Tena road (0°39'42.50"S, 77°47'29.20"W, 1656 m), collected on 24 Novem- ber 2010 by F. Velásquez-Alomoto. Provincia Pastaza: QCAZ 13585, adult male from Comunidad Zarentza, Parque Nacional Llanganates (1°21'45.47"S, 78°3'29.52"W, 1350 m), collected on 18 February 2015 by D. Rivadeneira, F. Mora, J. C. Sánchez, D. Velalcazar, D. Nuñez and J. Pinto; QCAZ 13586, adult female from Comunidad Zarentza, Parque Nacional Llanganates (1°21'45.25"S, 78°3'28.22"W, 1391 m), col- lected on 27 February 2015 by D. Rivadeneira, F. Mora, J. C. Sánchez, D. Velalcázar, D. Nuñez and J. Pinto. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Synophis bogerti can be distinguished from other species of Synophis by having a semicapitate, bilobed hemipenis with a large lateral spine at the base of the hemipenial body (Fig. 3); 19 longitudinal rows of dorsals at midbody; strongly keeled dorsals except for first row, which is weakly keeled (at least posteriorly); and 154–163 ventrals in males, 161–168 in females. Scutellational characters of all recognized species of Synophis are presented in Table 3.
 
CommentSimilar species: S. bicolor; the specimen (UMMZ 91550) illustrated by Bogert (1964) as S. bicolor is actually S. bogerti, as defined by TORRES-CARVAJAL et al. 2015. Specimens of “S. bicolor” from eastern Ecuador examined by Bogert (1964) correspond to S. bogerti. 
EtymologyThe specific epithet bogerti is a noun in the genitive case and is a patronym for Charles M. Bogert (1908–1992), an American herpetologist and former curator of the American Museum of Natural History. Among his many contributions, Bogert published a systematic revision of Diaphorolepis and Synophis, in which he recognized that “It is also possible, of course, that specimens tentatively referred to S. bicolor are not actually conspecific” (Bogert 1964: 517).

Some dictionaries called this species “Bogert’s fishing snakes” but there is no evidence this species eats fish (Pyron e al. 2016). 
References
  • Myers, C.W. & R.G. Zweifel 1993. Biographical Sketch and Bibliography of Charles Mitchill Bogert, 1908-1992 Herpetologica 49 (1): 133-146. - get paper here
  • PYRON, R. ALEXANDER; ALEJANDRO ARTEAGA, LOURDES Y. ECHEVARRÍA, OMAR TORRES-CARVAJAL 2016. A revision and key for the tribe Diaphorolepidini (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) and checklist for the genus Synophis. Zootaxa 4171 (2): 293–320 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Echevarría LY, Venegas PJ, Chávez G, Camper JD 2015. Description and phylogeny of three new species of Synophis (Colubridae, Dipsadinae) from the tropical Andes in Ecuador and Peru. ZooKeys 546: 153-179, doi: 10.3897/zookeys.546.6533 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here
 
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