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Tarentola mauritanica (LINNAEUS, 1758)

IUCN Red List - Tarentola mauritanica - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaPhyllodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
SubspeciesTarentola mauritanica juliae JOGER 1984
Tarentola mauritanica mauritanica (LINNAEUS 1758)
Tarentola mauritanica pallida GENIEZ, ESCATLLAR, CROCHET, MATEO & BONS 1999 
Common NamesE: Common Wall Gecko, Moorish Gecko
G: Mauergecko
D: Muurgekko
Croatian: zidni macaklin
Italian: geco comune 
SynonymLacerta mauritanica LINNAEUS 1758: 202
Cordylus mauritanicus — MEYER 1795:17
Gecko stellio MERREM 1820: 43
Gecko fascicularis GERVAIS 1836
Ascalabotes murorum — MILNE-EDWARDS 1843: Fig. 260
Tarentola mauritanica — GRAY 1845
Platydactylus mauritanicus — BÖTTGER 1873
Tarentola mauritanica — BOULENGER 1885: 196
Sphaerodactylus muralis — DODT & HECK 1954 (nom. nud.)
Tarentola mauritanica — ENGELMANN et al 1993
Tarentola mauritanica — SCHLEICH, KÄSTLE & KABISCH 1996: 273
Tarentola (Tarentola) mauritanica — RÖSLER 2000: 116
Tarentola mauritanica — KWET & TRAPP 2015

Tarentola mauritanica mauritanica (LINNAEUS 1758)
Gekko muricatus LAURENTI 1768: 44
Gecko muricatus LAURENTI 1768 (fide LOVERIDGE 1947)
Platydactylus muralis DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1836: 319 (nom. subst. pro L. maur.)
Platydactylus facetanus STRAUCH 1862: 22
Platydactylus facetanus— BOETTGER 1879: 510
Tarentola mauritanica subvar. atlantica DOUMERGUE 1899: 513
Tarentola mauritanica subvar. lissoide DOUMERGUE 1899: 515
Tarentola mauritanica subvar. gracilis DOUMERGUE 1899
Tarentola tuberculata ROSEN 1905: 130
Tarentola mauritanica mauritanica — MERTENS & MÜLLER 1940
Tarentola mauritanica mauritanica — WERMUTH 1965: 180

Tarentola mauritanica juliae JOGER 1984
Tarentola mauritanica juliae — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Tarentola mauritanica juliae — TRAPE, CHIRIO & TRAPE 2012

Tarentola mauritanica pallida GENIEZ, ESCATLLAR, CROCHET, MATEO & BONS 1999
Tarentola mauritanica pallida — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Tarentola mauritanica pallida — TRAPE, CHIRIO & TRAPE 2012 
DistributionCostal Mediterranean Regions: Portugal, Spain, Gibraltar, Balearic Islands (introduced to Mallorca, Menorca, Ibiza, Formentera, Cabrera), Italy (incl. Lampedusa island), Sardinia,
France, Corsica, Malta, Madeira, Azores,
coastal Croatia (except Istria), Adriatic islands,
Greece (incl. Crete, Lesbos; introduced to Corfu) [Arnold & Burton], Albania,
Morocco, Western Sahara, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt (incl. Sinai)

Chile (introduced to Santiago de Chile)
Uruguay (introduced [ACHAVAL & GUDYNAS 1983]),
USA (introduced to California and established in San Diego County [HR 29: 52]).
Argentina (possibly introduced to Salta, Tucumán, Buenos Aires)
Mexico (possibly introduced)
Bulgaria (possibly introduced)

Type locality: Mauritania.

juliae: Morocco

pallida: SW Morocco (from the mouth of Qued Draâ to Dchira, south of Laâyoune). Type locality: Sidi Lemsid, Khnifiss lagoon (between Tanzan and Tarfaya), SW Morocco.  
Reproductionoviparous. Exhibits temperature‐dependent sex determination (TSD) fide Cornejo-Páramo et al. 2020 (and references therein). 
TypesHolotype: unlocated
Neotype: ZFMK 35631 [Gecko fascicularis]
Holotype: ZFMK 26132, paratypes in ZFMK, CNHM = FMNH, ZSM, USNM, MNHN-RA [juliae]
Holotype: MNHN-RA 1998.0390, J. SCHOUTEN ree, PH. GÊNIEZ leg., 20.11.1985. [pallida]
Syntype: USNM 10996 (questionable, sent to USNM by MNHN) [Platydactylus muralis] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1981 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentDistribution: Tarentola mauritanica in the island of Madeira represents an anthropogenic introduction (Báez, M. & Biscoito, M. 1993 First record of Tarentola mauritanica (Linneus, 1758) from the island of Madeira. Macarones Congr. 1993, summaries.). Not in Israel fide BAR & HAIMOVITCH 2012. Not in Libya fide Bauer et al. 2017 where it is replaced by T. fascicularis. Not in Egypt or Israel fide Rato et al. 2012, although reported from there in the older literature (e.g. Schleich et al. 1996, Werner 1988). Reports from Lampedusa may be T. fascicularis. Reports from Albania may be of human origin (Szabolcs et al. 2021).

Taxonomy: T. mauritanica is paraphyletic with respect to T. angustimentalis, a Canary islands endemic (HARRIS et al. 2004). Tarentola mauritanica fascicularis (DAUDIN 1802) has been elevated to full species status,. although the geographic boundaries of mauritanica and fascicularis remain poorly defined, despite some attempts by Rato et al. 2010, 2012, 2015. Harris et al., 2004 and Rato et al. 2015 also found that the two subspecies, T. m. juliae Joger, 1984 and T. m. pallida Geniez et al., 1999 from Morocco do not correspond to independent genetic lineages.

Type species: Lacerta mauritanica LINNAEUS 1758: 202 is the type species of the genus Tarentola GRAY 1825.

Synonymy: Tarentola clypeata Gray 1842: 57 is unidentifiable fide Loveridge 1947: 309. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin Mauritania, North African historical region (from Latin maurus, Moor, inhabitant of North Africa; in turn from Greek μαυρός, dark) + Latin -ica, indicating provenance or pertenence. (Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., April 2024)

The genus was named after Ancient Italian tarantola, salamander, from Tarentum (today Taranto), a city of Greek origin on the coast of lower Italy
 
References
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