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Tarentola nicolauensis SCHLEICH, 1984

IUCN Red List - Tarentola nicolauensis - Least Concern, LC

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Higher TaxaPhyllodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: San Nicolau Wall Gecko 
SynonymTarentola caboverdianus nicolauensis SCHLEICH 1984
Tarentola delalandii — BOCAGE 1902: 209 (part.)
Tarentola delalandii delalandii — BOULENGER 1906: 200 (part.)
Tarentola delalandii var. rudis — LOVERIDGE 1947: 334 (part.)
Tarentola delalandii rudis — MERTENS 1954: 6 (part.)
Tarentola caboverdiana nicolauensis — JOGER 1984: 104
Tarentola caboverdiana nicolauensis — SCHLEICH 1987: 43
Tarentola caboverdiana nicolauensis — JOGER 1993
Tarentola (Makariogecko) caboverdiana nicolauensis — CARRANZA et al. 2000
Tarentola caboverdiana nicolauensis — KÖHLER et al. 2007
Tarentola nicolauensis — VASCONCELOS et al. 2012: 349 
DistributionS. Nicolau, São Vicente (Cape Verde Islands)

Type locality: S. Nicolau (Cape Verde Islands)  
Reproductionoviparous (manual and phylogenetic imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: ZSM 141/1981/2 (given as ZSM 03.141/81) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Medium-sized gecko (maximum SVL 71.0 mm, 58.6 mm on average; Appendix 2); eye/ear opening ratio averages 1.53; ear–eye/eye–snout distance ratio averages 0.79. Nine to 12 supralabials; eight to ten infralabials; eight to 11 enlarged lamellae under the 4th finger; 133–155 midbody scales (Joger, 1984b); oblong asymmetrical angled dorsal tubercles (Fig. 5C) with 18–26 midbody longitudinal lines and 14–18 transverse rows (Schleich, 1987); no enlarged tubercles between the eye and the ear opening. Dorsal pattern greyish, presenting five clear symmetrical butterfly- or X-shaped dark dorsal crossbands often lined with whitish tubercles posteriorly (Figs 6C, 7C); white to yellowish light ventral parts; uniformly white labials; dark eye iris with golden upperparts.
It differs from T. boavistensis, T. bocagei, T. fogoensis, and T. darwini, species from clade A, by butterfly- or X-shaped dorsal pattern and from all the species from clade D, and T.boavistensis by not having enlarged tubercles between the eye and ear opening. It differs from T. caboverdiana and T. substituta by a higher number of lamellae under the fourth and fifth toe (Joger, 1984b) and also from T. bocagei by generally presenting oblong apical tubercles (Schleich, 1987; this study). Finally, it differs from T. raziana by having a more massive head and a higher number of crossbands (generally five) on the dorsum. MORPHOBANK M45653–M45992 [VASCONCELOS et al. 2012]. 
CommentSynonymy after Filipe Sousa (pers. comm.) and  VASCONCELOS et al. 2012. 
Etymologynamed after the type locality. 
References
  • Carranza, S., Arnold, E. Nicholas; Mateo, J. A. and L. F. López-Jurado 2000. Long-distance colonization and radiation in gekkonid lizards, Tarentola (Reptilia: Gekkonidae), revealed by mitochondrial DNA sequences. Proc. R. Soc. London B 267: 637-649 - get paper here
  • Joger U 1993. On two collections of reptiles and amphibians from the Cape Verde Islands, with descriptions of three new taxa. COURIER FORSCHUNGSINSTITUT SENCKENBERG 159: 437-444
  • Joger, U. 1984. Morphologische und biochemisch-immunologische Untersuchungen zur Systematik und Evolution der Gattung Tarentola (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Anatomie und Ontogenie der Tiere, 112:137-256
  • Joger, U. 1984. Die Radiation der Gattung Tarentola in Makaronesien. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 71: 91-111
  • Köhler, G.; Hertz, A.; Sunyer, J.; Seipp, R. & Monteiro, A. 2007. Herpetologische Forschungen auf den Kapverden unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Kapverdischen Riesenskinks, Macroscincus coctei. Elaphe 15 (4): 62-66
  • Rösler, Herbert 2017. Gecko-Chorologie (Squamata: Gekkota). Gekkota (4): 1-160
  • Schleich H H 1984. Die Geckos der Gattung Tarentola der Kapverden (Reptilia: Sauria: Gekkonidae). COURIER FORSCHUNGSINSTITUT SENCKENBERG 68: 95-106
  • Schleich, H.H. 1987. Herpetofauna caboverdiana. Spixiana Suppl. (12) 75 pp. - get paper here
  • Vasconcelos, R., A. Perera, P. Geniez, D. J. Harris, and S. Carranza. 2012. An integrative taxonomic revision of the Tarentola geckos (Squamata, Phyllodactylidae) of the Cape Verde Islands. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 164 (2): 328-360 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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