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Teius oculatus (D’ORBIGNY & BIBRON, 1837)

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Higher TaxaTeiidae, Teiinae, Gymnophthalmoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesPortuguese: Lagartixa, Lagarto-Verde, Teiú, Teju-Verde, Tiú-Verdadeiro, Tiú-Verde 
SynonymAmeiva oculata D’ORBIGNY & BIBRON 1837
Acrantus viridis DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839: 143 (part.)
Acrantus teyou GRAY 1845 (part.)
Ameiva caelestis D’ORBIGNY & BIBRON 1847 (part.)
Teius teyou — HENSEL 1868
Dicrodon caelestis — PETERS 1869
Callopistes celestis — MÜLLER 1880
Teius teyou — BOULENGER 1885
Acrantus viridis — COPE 1885: 189
Teius teyou teyou MÜLLER 1928
Callopistes maculatus maculatus — PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970: 88
Teius oculatus — CEI & LESCURE 1985
Teius oculatus — CEI 1993
Teius oculatus — HARVEY et al. 2012 
DistributionS Brazil (Paraná [HR 27: 216], Rio Grande do Sul), Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina (Buenos Aires, Entre Rios, Santa Fe, Chaco, San Luis, La Pampa, Formosa, Corrientes, Rio Negro)

Type locality: Buenos Aires, Argentina (fide CEI & LESCURE 1985)  
Reproductionoviparous; bisexual 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 2656 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (47 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy after Cei 1993. Listed as Ameiva oculata in the synonymy of Callopistes maculatus maculatus by PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970: 88.

In many collections, specimens of Teius oculatus are frequently misidentified. Recent keys (e.g., Cei 1993; Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970) and reviews (e.g., Avila & Martori 1991) are not very helpful for identifying these lizards. Available descriptions of the unisexual species T. suquiensis are so incomplete, that we had little option but to ignore this species in our generic account. Nonetheless, the bisexual species are remarkably different from one another. Unlike T. oculatus (characters in parentheses), T. teyou has parietals arrayed in oblique rows and separated by small scales (three regular parietals), ten longitudinal ventral rows (eight), and keeled proximal subcaudals (smooth). The habitus of these species is strikingly different. Teius oculatus is much shorter and more robust than T. teyou. The rostral frequently contacts the prefrontal in T. oculatus; we have not observed this trait in T. teyou [HARVEY et a. 2012].

Distribution: see map in Cacciali et al. 2016: Fig. 1. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin oculatus, having eyes. (Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., April 2024) 
References
  • AVILA, LUCIANO JAVIER; LORENA ELIZABETH MARTINEZ & MARIANA MORANDO 2013. Checklist of lizards and amphisbaenians of Argentina: an update. Zootaxa 3616 (3): 201–238 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Bressan, Paulo Magalhães; Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, Angélica Midori Sugieda (eds.) 2009. FAUNA AMEAÇADA DE EXTINÇÃO NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO: VERTEBRADOS. São Paulo: Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo: Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, 2009. - get paper here
  • Brizuela, S. and A.M. Albino 2009. The dentition of the Neotropical lizard genus Teius Merrem 1820 (Squamata Teiidae). Tropical Zoology 22: 183-193 - get paper here
  • Bujes, C.S. 1998. Mating behaviour of Teius oculatus (Sauria, Teiidae) Amphibia-Reptilia, 19(2): 220-223. - get paper here
  • Cacciali, PIER; MARIANA Morando, Gunther Köhler, Luciano Avila 2016. On the distribution of the genus Teius Merrem, 1820 (Reptilia: Squamata: Teiidae) . Zootaxa 4136 (3): 491–514 - get paper here
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • Cano, Paula Daniela; Héctor Alejandro Ball, Matías Federico Carpinetto, Germán Darío Peña 2015. Reptile checklist of Río Pilcomayo National Park, Formosa, Argentina. Check List 11 (3): 1658 - get paper here
  • Cappellari, L.H.; R.L. Balestrin, T. de Lema & C.F.D. Rocha 2011. Reproductive biology of Teius oculatus (Sauria, Teiidae) in Southern Brazil (Dom Feliciano, Rio Grande do Sul). North-Western Journal of Zoology 7 (2): 270-276 - get paper here
  • Carreira, S.; Brazeiro, A.; Camargo, A.; da Rosa, I.; Canavero, A. & Maneyro, M. 2012. DIVERSITY OF REPTILES OF URUGUAY: KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION GAPS. Bol. Soc. Zool. Uruguay (2a época) 21 (1-2): 9-29 - get paper here
  • Cei, J. M. 1993. Reptiles del noroeste, nordeste y este de la Argentina. Museo Regionale Sci. Naturale Torino, Monografie 14: 1-949
  • Cei, J.M. & LESCURE, J. 1985. Identité de Teius teyou (Daudin, 1802), type du genre, et de T. oculatus (d’Orbigny et Bibron, 1837) (Reptilia, Teiidae). Bull. Mus. natl. Hist. nat. Paris 4° Ser (7): 461-473
  • Cope, E.D. 1885. Twelfth contribution to the herpetology of tropical America. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 22: 167-194 [1884] - get paper here
  • D'Orbigny A. & BIBRON 1837. Voyage dans l’Amérique Méridionale, Tome 5, 1re Partie: Reptiles. Paris, P. Bertrand, Strasbourg, V.e Levrault [1837-1847] [SSAR reprint 1975]
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1839. Erpétologie Générale on Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles. Vol. 5. Roret/Fain et Thunot, Paris, 871 pp. - get paper here
  • Entiauspe-Neto, Omar Machado; Tângela Denise Perleberg and Marco Antonio de Freitas 2016. Herpetofauna from an urban Pampa fragment in southern Brazil: composition, structure and conservation. Check List 12(5): 1964 - get paper here
  • Espeche, B. A., Brigada, A. M., & Rivera, P. C. 2023. Morphometric Variability in Lizards of the Genus Teius: A Comparative Study of Species with Different Reproductive Modes. Journal of Herpetology 57 (2): 238-245 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • HARVEY, MICHAEL B.; GABRIEL N. UGUETO & RONALD L. GUTBERLET, Jr. 2012. Review of Teiid Morphology with a Revised Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Teiidae (Lepidosauria: Squamata). Zootaxa 3459: 1–156 - get paper here
  • Hensel,R. 1868. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Wirbelthiere Süd-Brasiliens. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 37 (1): 331 [1867] - get paper here
  • Ingaramo, María del Rosario; Marangoni, Federico; Cajade, Rodrigo 2015. Herpetofauna de la Reserva Paleontológica del Arroyo Toropí, Bella Vista, Corrientes, Argentina. Cuad. herpetol. 29 (1): - get paper here
  • MARQUES, O. A. V. et al. 2009. Repteis. In: Bressan et al., FAUNA AMEAÇADA DE EXTINÇÃO NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO: VERTEBRADOS. São Paulo: Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo: Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, pp. 285-327 - get paper here
  • Minoli, Ignacio; Pier Cacciali, Mariana Morando and Luciano Javier Avila 2019. Predicting spatial and temporal effects of climate change on the South American lizard genus Teius (Squamata: Teiidae). Amphibia-Reptilia 40 (3): 313–326 - get paper here
  • Morato, Sérgio Augusto Abrahão; Renato Silveira Bérnils, Julio Cesar de Moura-Leite 2017. RÉPTEIS DE CURITIBA: COLETÂNEA DE REGISTROS Hori Consultoria, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil, 99 pp.
  • Müller, F. 1880. Erster Nachtrag zum Katalog der herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums. Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel 7: 120-165 - get paper here
  • Pérez-Iglesias, Juan Manuel; Jofré, Laura E.; Rueda, Marta Patricia 2017. Primeros registros de la herpetofauna en dos areas naturales protegidas de la provincia de Santiago del Estero (Argentina). Cuad. herpetol. 32 (1): 49-57 - get paper here
  • Peters, James A. & Donoso-Barros, Roberto 1970. Catalogue of the Neotropical Squamata: Part II. Lizards and Amphisbaenians. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 297: 293 pp. - get paper here
  • Prigioni, C.; C. Borteiro; F. Kolenc. 2011. Amphibia and Reptilia, Quebrada de los Cuervos, Departamento de Treinta y Tres, Uruguay. Check List 7 (6): 763-767 - get paper here
  • Scrocchi, Gustavo J.; Cristian S. Abdala,Javier Nori, Hussam Zaher 2010. Reptiles de la provincia de Río Negro, Argentina. Fondo Ed. Rionegrino, 249 pp.
  • Souza Filho, G.A.; L.Verrastro 2012. Reptiles of the Parque Estadual de Itapuã, state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Check List 8(5):847-851 - get paper here
  • Vera, David G, Diego O Di Pietro, Clara Trofino Falasco, Germán Tettamanti, Luciana Iriarte, Micaela Harkes, Federico P Kacoliris, and Igor Berkunsky. 2022. Identifying Key Conservation Sites for the Reptiles of the Tandilia Mountains in Pampas Highlands. Journal for Nature Conservation, 126321 - get paper here
  • Winchell, S. 2010. Die Reptilien Argentiniens. Reptilia (Münster) 15 (83): 20-27 - get paper here
  • Zaher, Hussam; Fausto Erritto BarboI; Paola Sanchez Martínez; Cristiano Nogueira; Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues; Ricardo Jannini Sawaya 2011. Répteis do Estado de São Paulo: conhecimento atual e perspectivas. Biota Neotropica, 11 (1): 1–15. - get paper here
  • Zaracho, Víctor Hugo; Ingaramo, María del Rosario; Semhan, Romina Valeria; Etchepare, Eduardo; Acosta, José Luis; Falcione, Ana Camila; Álvarez, Blanca 2014. Herpetofauna de la Reserva Natural Provincial Isla Apipé Grande (Corrientes, Argentina). Cuad. herpetol. 28 (2): 153-160 - get paper here
 
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