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Thamnophis nigronuchalis THOMPSON, 1957

IUCN Red List - Thamnophis nigronuchalis - Data Deficient, DD
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Higher TaxaColubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Southern Durango Spotted Garter Snake
G: Südliche Durango-Strumpfbandnatter
S: Jarretera Manchada de Durango 
SynonymThamnophis nigronuchalis THOMPSON 1957
Thamnophis rufipunctatus nigronuchalis — TANNER 1985: 650
Thamnophis nigronuchalis — ROSSMAN et al. 1996: 215
Thamnophis nigronuchalis — DE QUEIROZ et al. 2002
Thamnophis nigronuchalis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 723 
DistributionMexico (SW Durango, Nayarit)

Type locality: Mexico, Durango, San Luis, ca. 2743 m elevation.  
Reproductionovoviviparous. 
TypesHolotype: UMMZ 113611 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A subspecies of rufipunctatus with supralabials 4 and 5 having a wide contact with the eye and with a single, dark, median nuchal spot. (Tanner 1985)


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CommentDistribution: see map in Wood et al. 2011: 3858.

Diet: see Heptinstall et al. 2024 
EtymologyNamed after its single, broad nuchal blotch which is very dark brown to black, from Latin nigro, black, dark, and Latin nucha = back of the neck or nape. 
References
  • Burbrink FT, Futterman I. 2019. Female‐ biased gape and body-size dimorphism in the New World watersnakes (tribe: Thamnophiini) oppose predictions from Rensch's rule. Ecol Evol. 00:1–10 - get paper here
  • de Queiroz,K. & LAWSON,R. 1994. Phylogenetic relationships of the garter snakes based on DNA sequence and allozyme vatiation. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 53: 209-229 - get paper here
  • HALLAS, JOSHUA M.; THOMAS L. PARCHMAN & CHRIS R. FELDMAN. 2021. Phylogenomic analyses resolve relationships among garter snakes (Thamnophis: Natricinae: Colubridae) and elucidate biogeographic history and morphological evolution. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 107374. [2022 in print] - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp
  • Heptinstall, Tucker C.; Ramses A. Rosales-Garcia, Rhett M. Rautsaw, Erich P. Hofmann, Alan De Queiroz, Luis Canseco-Márquez & Christopher L. Parkinson 2024. Size Doesn't Matter: Body Size is Not Linked to Diet Specialization in Garter Snakes (Squamata: Natricidae: Thamnophis) Journal of Herpetology 58 (2): 122-134 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Gadsden-Esparza H, Valdez-Lares R, Woolrich-Piña GA 2018. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Durango, Mexico, with comparisons with adjoining states. ZooKeys 748: 65-87 - get paper here
  • Loc-Barragán JA, Smith GR, Woolrich-Piña GA, Lemos-Espinal JA 2024. An updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nayarit, Mexico with conservation status and comparison with adjoining States. Herpetozoa 37: 25-42 - get paper here
  • Rossman, Douglas A.; Ford, Neil B. & Seigel, Richard A. 1996. The Garter Snakes: Evolution and Ecology. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK, xx + 332 + pp.
  • Tanner, Wilmer W. 1985. Snakes of Western Chihuahua. Great Basin Naturalist 45 (4): 615-676 - get paper here
  • Thompson, Fred G. 1957. A new Mexican gartersnake (Genus Thamnophis) with notes on related forms. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (584): 1-10 - get paper here
  • Valdez-Lares, R.; R. Muñiz-Martínez; E.Gadsden; G. Aguirre-León; G. Castañeda-Gaytán; R. Gonzalez-Trápaga 2013. Checklist of amphibians and reptiles of the state of Durango, México. Check List 9 (4):714-724 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Webb, R.G. 1984. Herpetogeography in the Mazatlán-Durango Region of the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico. Vetrebrate Ecology and Systematics - A ribute to Henry S. Fitch; Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, Lawrence, pp. 217-241
  • Woolrich-Piña, Guillermo A, Paulino Ponce-Campos, Jesús Loc-Barragán, Juan Pablo Ramírez-Silva, Vicente Mata-Silva, Jerry D. Johnson, Elí García-Padilla and Larry David Wilson. 2016. The herpetofauna of Nayarit, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (2): 376-448 - get paper here
 
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