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Tiliqua adelaidensis (PETERS, 1863)

IUCN Red List - Tiliqua adelaidensis - Endangered, EN
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Higher TaxaScincidae, Egerniinae (Tiliquini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Pygmy Bluetongue Lizard 
SynonymCyclodus adelaidensis PETERS 1863: 228
Tiliqua adelaidensis — SMITH 1937: 233
Tiliqua adelaidensis — COGGER 1983: 188
Tiliqua adelaidensis — COGGER 2000: 576
Tiliqua adelaidensis — WILSON & SWAN 2010 
DistributionAustralia (South Australia; Tasmania [fide SMITH 1937])

Type locality: “Buchsfelde bei Adelaide in Südaustralien” [= Loos, near gawler, South Australia].  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesLectotype: ZMB 4710 (larger of the two specimens under this number), Buchsfelde, SA, collected R. Schomburgk. Designation by Wells & Wellington (1985). 
Diagnosis 
CommentUntil 1992 only 20 specimen were recorded of this species. Afterwards, a few small populations have been found in S Australia (MILNE et al. 2002).

Abundance: Rare. This is one of the species called 'lost' and 'rediscovered' by Lindken et al. 2024. 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality. 
References
  • Bull, C. Michael, Stephanie S. Godfrey, Mehregan Ebrahimi and Aaron L. Fenner. 2015. Long and short term residence in refuge burrows by endangered Pygmy Bluetongue Lizards. Amphibia-Reptilia 36 (2): 119-124 - get paper here
  • Clive, L.F.R. & Bull, C.M. 2018. Tiliqua adelaidensis (Pygmy Bluetongue Lizard) Mortality. Herpetological Review 49 (1): 122. - get paper here
  • Cogger, H. G. 2014. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 7th ed. CSIRO Publishing, xxx + 1033 pp. - get paper here
  • Cogger, H.G. 2000. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 6th ed. Ralph Curtis Publishing, Sanibel Island, 808 pp.
  • Couper, P., Covacevich, J., Amey, A. & Baker, A. 2006. The genera of skinks (Family Scincidae) of Australia and its island territories: diversity, distribution and identification. in: Merrick, J.R., Archer, M., Hickey, G.M. & Lee, M.S.Y. (eds.). Evolution and Zoogeography of Australasian Vertebrates. Australian Scientific Publishing, Sydney, pp. 367-384
  • Ebrahimi, M. & C.M. Bull 2013. Determining the success of varying short-term confinement time during simulated translocations of the endangered pygmy bluetongue lizard (Tiliqua adelaidensis) Amphibia-Reptilia, 34(1): 31-39. - get paper here
  • Ebrahimi, M., Schofield, j. A. & Bull, C. M. 2012. Tiliqua adelaidensis (pygmy bluetongue lizard) alternate refuge. Herpetological Review 43: 652-653 - get paper here
  • Ebrahimi, Mehregan, Stephanie S. Godfrey, Aaron L. Fenner and C. Michael Bull. 2016. Scatting behaviour of the pygmy bluetongue lizard. Amphibia-Reptilia 37 (2): 207-213 - get paper here
  • Ebrahimi, Mehregan; C. Michael Bull 2014. Short-Term Dispersal Response of an Endangered Australian Lizard Varies with Time of Year. PLoS One 9 (8): e106002. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0106002 - get paper here
  • Ebrahimi, Mehregan; Julie A. Schofield and C. Michael Bull. 2012. Getting your feet wet: Responses of the endangered pygmy bluetongue lizard (Tiliqua adelaidensis) to rain induced burrow flooding. Herpetology Notes 6: 297-301
  • Fenner, Aaron L.; Bull, Michael C.; Hutchinson, Mark N. 2007. Omnivorous diet of the endangered Pygmy Bluetongue Lizard, Tiliqua adelaidensis. Amphibia-Reptilia 28 (4): 560-565 - get paper here
  • Gardner, Michael G.; Juan J. Sanchez;Rachael Y. Dudaniec; Leah Rheinberger; Annabel L. Smith; Kathleen M. Saint 2007. Tiliqua rugosa microsatellites: isolation via enrichment and characterisation of loci for multiplex PCR in T. rugosa and the endangered T. adelaidensis. Conservation Genetics 9: 233–237 [print: 2008] - get paper here
  • Hutchinson M N. Milne T. Croft T. 1994. Redescription and ecological notes on the pygmy bluetongue, Tiliqua adelaidensis (Squamata: Scincidae). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 118 (3-4): 217-226. - get paper here
  • Lindken T.; Anderson, C. V., Ariano-Sánchez, D., Barki, G., Biggs, C., Bowles, P., Chaitanya, R., Cronin, D. T., Jähnig, S. C., Jeschke, J. M., Kennerley, R. J., Lacher, T. E. Jr., Luedtke, J. A., Liu, C., Long, B., Mallon, D., Martin, G. M., Meiri, 2024. What factors influence the rediscovery of lost tetrapod species? Global Change Biology, 30: 1-18 - get paper here
  • Milne, T., C.M. Bull & M.N. Hutchinson 2003. Fitness of the Endangered Pygmy Blue Tongue Lizard Tiliqua adelaidensis in Artificial Burrows Journal of Herpetology 37 (4): 762-765. - get paper here
  • Milne, T.; Bull, C.M. & Hutchinson, M.N. 2002. Characteristics of litters and juvenile dispersal in the endangered Australian skink Tiliqua adelaidensis. Journal of Herpetology 36 (1): 110-112 - get paper here
  • Mitchell, F. J. 1950. The scincid genera Egernia and Tiliqua (Lacertilia). Rec. South Austral. Mus. 9: 275-308 - get paper here
  • Nielsen, Torben P. and C. Michael Bull 2017. The impact of sheep grazing on the fecundity and timing of reproduction in the endangered pygmy bluetongue lizard, Tiliqua adelaidensis. Amphibia-Reptilia - get paper here
  • Nielsen, Torben P. and C. Michael Bull. 2016. Tiliqua adelaidensis (Pygmy Bluetongue Lizard) Territorial defense and fighting. Herpetological Review 47 (2): 304-305 - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1863. Eine Übersicht der von Hrn. Richard Schomburgk an das zoologische Museum eingesandten Amphibien, aus Buchsfelde bei Adelaide in Südaustralien. Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1863 (April): 228-236 - get paper here
  • Reeder, T.W. 2003. A phylogeny of the Australian Sphenomorphus group (Scincidae: Squamata) and the phylogenetic placement of the crocodile skinks (Tribolonotus): Bayesian approaches to assessing congruence and obtaining confidence in maximum likelihood inferred relatio Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 27: 384–397 - get paper here
  • Shamiminoori, Leili and C. Michael Bull 2016. Can We Use Head Scale Symmetry in Endangered Pygmy Bluetongue Lizards (Tiliqua adelaidensis) to <br>Alert Managers to Population Condition? Herp. Cons. Biol. 11 (1) - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1937. A review of the genus Lygosoma (Scincidae: Reptilia) and its allies. Records of the Indian Museum 39 (3): 213-234
  • Staugas, E.J., A.L. Fenner, M. Ebrahimi & C.M. Bull 2013. Artificial burrows with basal chambers are preferred by pygmy bluetongue lizards, Tiliqua adelaidensis Amphibia-Reptilia, 34(1): 114-118. - get paper here
  • Wilson, S. & Swan, G. 2010. A complete guide to reptiles of Australia, 3rd ed. Chatswood: New Holland, 558 pp.
 
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