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Trapelus sanguinolentus (PALLAS, 1814)

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Higher TaxaAgamidae (Agaminae), Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesTrapelus sanguinolentus aralensis (LICHTENSTEIN 1823)
Trapelus sanguinolentus sanguinolentus (PALLAS 1827) 
Common NamesE: Steppe Agama
G: Steppenagame
Russian: Степная агама
Chinese: 草原蜥 
SynonymLacerta sanguinolenta PALLAS 1814: 23
Agama Sanguinolenta — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1851
Agama sanguinolenta — BOULENGER 1885: 343
Agama agilis sanguinolenta — WERMUTH 1967: 6
Agama sanguinolenta — LANGERWERF 1979
Agama sanguinolenta — ORLOWA 1981
Trapelus sanguinolentus — ENGELMANN et al 1993
Trapelus sanguinolentus — MANTHEY & SCHUSTER 1999: 106
Trapelus agilis sanguinolentus — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Trapelus agilis sanguinolentus — RASTEGAR-POUYANI et al. 2008
Trapelus agilis sanguinolentus — NASRABADI et al. 2017

Trapelus sanguinolentus aralensis (LICHTENSTEIN 1823)
Agama aralensis LICHTENSTEIN 1823: 144
Trapelus aralensis — EVERSMANN 1834: 366
Agama aralensis — MERTENS & MÜLLER 1940
Trapelus sanguinolentus aralensis — DAVLETBAKOV et al. 2016
Trapelus sanguinolentus aralensis — SHESTOPAL et al. 2021 
DistributionSoviet Union, Russia (Dagestan), E Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, SW Tajikistan, E shore of Caspian Sea eastward to E Kazakhstan and southward to N Iran and N Afghanistan, NW China (W Xinjiang)

aralensis: Turkmenistan; Type locality: “in dem ganzen Strich östlich vom Aralsee”. Kazakhstan (LAMBERT 2002).

Type locality: Terek River Valley. “Hügelland Kum-Ankatar am Terek-Fluss, Kaukasien” (fide WERMUTH 1967).  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: unlocated (Anderson 1999, Lizards of Iran)
Syntypes: ZMB 753, ZMB 754 (missing), ZMB 755, ZMB 756, ZMB 757, ZMB 758, ZMB 54811-12 (was ZMB 758 part), "Aralsee", leg. Eversmann [aralensis] 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy: Has been synonymized with Trapelus agilis by Rastegar-Pouyani 1998. Shahamat et al. 2020 found paraphyly within Trapelus sanguinolentus and T. agilis which requires fundamental revision.

History: The year of PALLAS’ description is sometimes given as “1827” and sometimes as “1814”. For the publication date of Pallas 1814 (vs. 1831) see ICZN Opinion 212.

Distribution: See map in SMID et al. 2014 for distribution in Iran. 
EtymologyProbably named after Latin sanguis (“blood”) +‎ -eus, for "of or relating to blood" or "bloody" or "bloodred", a reference to the color of species, which is sometimes reddish on the ventral side or shows reddish spots on the dorsum. 
References
  • Ananjeva, N. & Orlov, N. 2005. Lizards of North Eurasia. Reptilia (GB) (38): 54-63 - get paper here
  • Ananjeva, Natalia B. 2012. Research on Asian Agamid Lizards: Contribution of Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. Russ. J. Herpetol. 19 (2): 85-100 - get paper here
  • ANANJEVA, Natalia B.; Xianguang GUO and Yuezhao WANG 2011. Taxonomic Diversity of Agamid Lizards (Reptilia, Sauria, Acrodonta, Agamidae) from China: A Comparative Analysis. Asian Herpetological Research 2 (3): 117-128 - get paper here
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  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
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  • Orlowa, Walentina F. 1981. Agama sanguinolenta - Steppenagame. In: Böhme,W. (ed.), Handbuch der Reptilien und Amphibien Europas, Band I., Echsen I. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Wiesbaden, pp. 149-160
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