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Trilepida pastusa SALAZAR-VALENZUELA, MARTINS, AMADOR-OYOLA & TORRES-CARVAJAL, 2015

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Higher TaxaLeptotyphlopidae, Epictinae, Epictini, Typhlopoidea, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Pastuso threadsnakes
S: Serpientes hebra pastusas 
SynonymTrilepida pastusa SALAZAR-VALENZUELA, MARTINS, AMADOR-OYOLA & TORRES-CARVAJAL 2015 
DistributionEcuador (Carchi)

Type locality: vicinity of Chilmá Bajo on the way to Tres Marías waterfall (0°51’53.82” N, 78°2’59.23” W; 2071 m elevation), Tulcán County, Carchi province, Ecuador  
Reproductionoviparous (manual imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: QCAZ 8690, Adult female, collected on 23 February 2009 by O. Torres-Carvajal, S. Aldás- Alarcón, E. Tapia, A. Pozo and local people. Paratypes.—Two specimens with same locality data as holotype: one juvenile female (QCAZ 5778) collected on 21 February 2013 by D. Salazar-Valenzuela, H. Pozo, A. Chalapud, and D. Males, and one juvenile of undeter- mined sex (QCAZ 5846) collected on 20 March 2013 by D. Salazar-Valenzuela and A. Loaiza-Lange. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Trilepida pastusa is distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characters: Snout truncate in dorsal and ventral view, rounded in lateral view; supraocular present; ocular subhexagonal with superior border straight and anterior border barely rounded at eye level; rostral subtriangular in dorsal view, reaching anterior border of ocular scales; frontal as long as supraocular and other middorsal cephalic shields, ex- cept for postfrontal which is smaller; temporal distinct; supralabials three (2+1); infralabials four or five; body width relatively thick (TL/MB = 28.6–34.6); middorsal scales 203–214; midventral scales 182–193; subcaudal scales 18–19; fused caudals present; terminal spine coni- cal, slightly longer than wide; scales around middle of tail 12; dorsum uniform gray; venter gray with interspac- es between scales cream.
 
CommentHabitat: under dirt, stones, pasture and moss

Sympatric speices: Liophis vitti, Atractus savagei 
EtymologyThe specific epithet is used as a noun in apposition. As explained in Coloma et al. (2010), pastuso or pastusa is a Spanish word used to refer to the inhabitants of the Pasto region in northern Ecuador and southern Colombia. Here, we also use it to recognize the presence of Los Pastos pre-hispanic culture (500–1500 CE) (Delgado-Troya 2004), whose vestiges remain in the type locality and allowed the discovery of Trilepida pastusa and specimens of another cryptozoic snake species: Atractus savagei (Salazar-Valenzuela et al. 2014).  
References
  • Salazar-Valenzuela D, Martins A, Amador-Oyola L, Torres-Carvajal O. 2015. A new species and country record of threadsnakes (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae: Epictinae) from northern Ecuador. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 8 (1) [Special Section]: 107–120 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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