Trimeresurus popeiorum SMITH, 1937
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Trimeresurus popeiorum
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| Higher Taxa | Viperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | E: Pope’s Tree Viper, Pope's Bamboo Pit Viper, Pope’s Green Pit Viper G: Popes Bambusotter, Popes Lanzenotter Chinese: 坡普竹叶青蛇 E: Yingjiang green pitviper [yingjiangensis] Chinese: Yíng jiāng zhú yè qīng (盈江竹叶青) [yingjiangensis] |
| Synonym | Trimeresurus popeiorum SMITH 1937 Trimeresurus popeorum — GRANDISON 1972: 94 Trimeresurus popeiorum — COX et al. 1998: 21 Trimeresurus popeorum — HOFFMANN 1998 Trimeresurus popeorum — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 340 Trimeresurus popeiorum — TU et al. 2000 Trimeresurus popeiorum — VOGEL et al. 2004 Popeia popeiorum — MALHOTRA & THORPE 2004 Popeia popeiorum — GRISMER et al. 2006 Trimeresurus popeiorum — DAVID et al. 2009 Trimeresurus (Popeia) popeiorum — DAVID et al. 2011 Popeia popeorum — WALLACH et al. 2014: 575 Popeia popeiorum — GUO et al. 2015 Popeia popeiorum — CHAN-ARD et al. 2015: 291 Trimeresurus popeiorum — MULCAHY et al. 2017 Popeia popeiorum — GUO et al. 2018 Trimeresurus yingjiangensis CHEN, ZHANG, SHI, TANG, GUO, SONG & DING 2019 Popeia yingjiangensis — WANG 2022 Trimeresurus popeiorum — MIRZA et al. 2023 |
| Distribution | NE India (Mizoram etc.), Nepal, Myanmar (= Burma), N Thailand, N Laos (Oudômxay, Xaignabouli, Louangphrabang, Phôngsali, Vientiane), Malaysia (Pulau Tioman? [LIM & LIM 1999]); China (Yunnan) Type locality: Khasi Hills, Assam (State of Meghalaya), India (designated by TAYLOR & ELBEL 1958) yingjiangensis: China (Yunnan), Myanmar (Htamanthi wildlife sanctuary, Sagaing Division); Type locality: Heihe Village, Kachang Town, Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province (24.782° N, 97.878° E, 1112 m elevation) |
| Reproduction | ovovivparous |
| Types | Holotype: BMNH 72.4.17.137 (Lectotype) Holotype: CIB DL2017070101, adult male, collected by Li DING on 19 July 2017 (Figure 1). Paratypes: ZL-tspynglg-2018- 01(allotype, GIABR) adult female, collected from Heping Village, Tongbiguan Town, Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province (24.584° N, 97.738° E, 1 200 m) by Jian XU. DL201070102 (CIB), adult male, and DL201070103 (CIB), adult male, collected by Li DING at the same time as Holotype. OV2671 (IVPP), collected from the Yingjiang County (24.734° N, 97.843° E, 1074 m) by Jingsong SHI on 6 September 2017. [yingjiangensis] |
| Diagnosis | DIAGNOSIS (DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS): Scales in 21 (rarely 23) longitudinal rows at midbody; 9–11 upper labials, first upper labials separated from nasals by a distinct suture; a single supraocular; above green, below pale green to whitish, the two separated by a bright bicolored orange or brown (below) and white (above) (males) or white (females) ventrolateral stripe, which occupies the whole of the outermost scale row and a portion of the second row; ventrals 155–169; subcaudals 52–76, in males the base of the tail enlarged to the level of subcaudals 20–25; hemipenes long and slender, smooth, without spines. Total length 770 mm, tail length 170 mm. [after LEVITON 2003] Additional details (7788 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. |
| Comment | Venomous! Distribution: Possibly in Bhutan (Lenz 2012). Synonymy: "Contrary to Hoge & Romano Hoge (1981: 257) and Welch (1988: 137), we consider that the specific name gramineus must be restricted to the form inhabiting the Peninsular India, and that the correct name for the species distributed in Sumatra and other parts of southeastern Asia is Trimeresurus popeiorum Smith, 1937." (from David & Vogel 1996). Mirza et al. 2023 synonymized T. yingjiangensis with T. popeiorum which was confirmed by Idiiatullina et al. 2024. Diversity: Mulcahy et al. 2017 found populations of T. popeiorum that are paraphyletic with T. nebularis but are morphologically indistinguishable from T. popeiorum and hence appear to be a cryptic species. Similar species: Most often confused with T. stejnegeri (q.v.), the two have quite distinct hemipenes, which does not make identification of individuals in the field or in the laboratory any easier without recourse to (a) male individuals and (b) an examination of the hemipenes. However, the two species are not known to have overlapping distributions, at least based on available materials. Also, closely allied to T. popeiorum is T. yunnanensis (q.v.); ordinarily, the two are more easily be told apart by the number of midbody scale rows, 21 in T. popeiorum, 19 in T. yunnanensis (from LEVITON et al. 2003). Type species: Trimeresurus popeiorum is the type species of the genus Popeia MALHOTRA & THORPE 2004. Popeia may not be valid fide Li et al. 2020. For abbreviations see T. nebularis. Habitat: partly arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). NCBI taxonID: 2653482 [yingjiangensis] |
| Etymology | This species was named in honour to Clifford H. Pope and Sarah H. Pope. The original spelling of the specific epithet, popeiorum, was corrected into popeorum by Smith (1943: 518) on the basis that it was indeed a clerical error. Unfortunately, according to the Art. 32 (c, ii) of the Code (ICZN 1985), such a change does not fall into the category of a „correction of an incorrect original spelling According to the Art. 33 (d), the use of a termination -orum in a subsequent spelling of a species-group name that is a genitive based upon a personal name in which the correct original spelling terminates with -iorum, is an incorrect subsequent spelling, even if the change is deliberate. The original spelling, popeiorum, must therefore be conserved." (from David & Vogel 1996) This issue is adressed again in Biology of the Vipers (Schuett et al, ed., 2002). On page 353 Orlov et al. state that "The specific epithet is most commonly spelled popeorum. [...] William W. Lamar (in litt.) has communicated to us, however, that Smith (1943) was clearly correcting a copyist's error, that such a change was allowed at the time, and that it was specifically allowed under the first published ICZN. While the 1985 and subsequent Codes prohibit this, they apply only to actions taken post-1985. Thus, the correct name is popeorum." The specific name yingjiangensis refers to the location of type specimens, Yingjiang Country, Yunnan Province, China. |
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