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Underwoodisaurus milii BORY DE SAINT-VINCENT, 1823

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Higher TaxaCarphodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Thick-tailed Gecko, Barking Gecko 
SynonymGecko Dorreensis PÉRON 1807 (nomen oblitum)
Phyllurus milii BORY DE SAINT-VINCENT 1823: 183
Cyrtodactylus Nilii GRAY (in GRIFFITH & PIDGEON) 1831
Gymnodactylus Miliusii DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1836: 430
Gymnodactylus (Anomalurus) Miliusii — FITZINGER 1843
Phyllurus miliusii — GRAY 1845
Gymnodactylus vittatus — ANONYMOUS 1857 (non G. v. LICHTENSTEIN 1856)
Phyllurus Myliusii — GRAY 1867
Phyllurus Millius — SCHMELTZ 1877
Phyllurus Blavieri DE ROCHEBRUNE 1884
Gymnodactylus miliusii — BOULENGER 1885: 48
Gymnodactylus miliusii — LUCAS & FROST 1894: 26
Gymnodactylus asper BOULENGER 1913
Gymnodactylus milii — LOVERIDGE 1934
Gymnodactylus milusii BARRETT 1950
Gymnodactylus (Underwoodisaurus) milii — WERMUTH 1965
Phyllurus mili — BUSTARD 1967
Underwoodisaurus milii — BUSTARD 1970
Underwoodisaurus husbandi WELLS & WELLINGTON 1984
Underwoodisaurus asper — WELLS & WELLINGTON 1985
Nephrurus milii — BAUER 1990
Underwoodisaurus milii — COGGER 2000: 275
Nephrurus milii — LAUBE & LANGNER 2007
Underwoodisaurus milii — OLIVER & BAUER 2011
Underwoodisaurus milii — COGGER 2014: 283
Phyllurus milii — ELLIS et al. 2018: 55
Underwoodisaurus milii — ELLIS et al. 2018: 57
Underwoodisaurus milii — CHAPPLE et al. 2019: 117
Nephrurus milii — HOW et al. 2020 
DistributionAustralia (Southern Australia from central Queensland through New South Wales, N Victoria, South Australia and much of semi-arid Western Australia, as far north along the coast as Shark Bay. Scattered specimen recorded from Onslow, Western Australia and the S Northern Territory.
Records from N Queensland are probably in error.

Type locality: “Australasie sur les rives de la baie des Chiens-Marins’ [= ’Shark Bay, W. A.]; Neotype locality: ‘‘Bernier Island, Shark Bay’’.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: Iconotype in Bory de Saint-Vincent (1823). Neotype: WAM R34085, ‘Bernier Island, Shark Bay [in error, actually Dorre Is, Shark Bay]’, WA [25°09'S, 113°06'E], R.I.T. Prince, 17 April 1969, designated by Shea (2002); The original type was presumed lost fide COGGER 1983. Shea (2002) demonstrated that the type of P. milii was, in fact, a specimen illustration of Nephrurus levis occidentalis but maintained current usage of the epithet milii for the species of Underwoodisdaurus to which it has uniformly been applied, and designated a neotype to fix the name.
Neotype: WAM R34085, ‘Bernier Island, Shark Bay [in error, actually Dorre Is, Shark Bay]’, WA [25°09'S, 113°06'E], R.I.T. Prince, 17 April 1969, designated by Shea (2002) [dorreensis]
Holotype: AMS ? (given as Australian Museum Field Series = AMFS 25399). Collected at 12.5 km SW of Milbrodale, N.S.W. (road distance) by R. W. Wells, on 22 September, 1982. Paratypes: AMFS 25400-25404 [husbandi] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: The most inclusive clade containing U. milii (Bory de Saint-Vincent 1823), but not N. asper or Uvidicolus gen. nov. sphyrurus. A monotypic genus containing only milii (Bory de Saint-Vincent 1825). A moderately large (Adult SVL to 100 mm) genus of carphodactylid geckos with transverse subdigital lamellae, anterior loreals minute and strongly differentiated from posterior loreals,labial scales much larger than neighboring scales, mean of 26 pre-sacral vertebrae, phalangeal formula unreduced (2.3.4.5.3/2.3.4.5.4), and original tail long with 33–42 postsacral vertebrae, post pygal pleurapophysis absent or reduced, rounded or weakly depressed in cross section, and gradually tapering to tip lacking aterminal ‘knob’.


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CommentType species: Phyllurus milii BORY DE SAINT-VINCENT 1823 is the type species of the genus Underwoodisaurus WERMUTH 1965. Note that Gymnodactylus Miliusii Duméril and Bibron, 1836 (= P. milii Bory de Saint-Vincent 1823) is the type species of the genus Anomalurus Fitzinger, 1843 (which is pre-occupied by Anomalurus Waterhouse 1843 (Mammalia)). 
EtymologyNamed after Baron Pierre Bernard Milius (1773-1829), a sailor, naturalist, and civil servant who took part in an exploratory voyage (1804) of the Mascarene Islands, Indian Ocean, under Nicolas Baudin, during which he became friends with Bory.

U. husbandi has been named after Mr Grant Husbandof Sydney in recognition of his many contributions of reptile specimens to the Australian Museum. 
References
  • Arth, S. & S. Baus 2012. Der Australische Dickschwanzgecko, Underwoodisaurus milii. Reptilia (Münster) 17 (98): 58-67 - get paper here
  • Baeckens, S., & Whiting, M. J. 2021. Investment in chemical signalling glands facilitates the evolution of sociality in lizards. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 288(1945), 20202438 - get paper here
  • Barrett, Charles 1950. Reptiles of Australia. Cassell & Co., London, 168 pp.
  • Bauer, A.M. 1990. Phylogenetic systematics and biogeography of the Carphodactylini (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). Bonner zool. Monogr. 30: 1-220 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Bory de Saint-Vincent, J. B. G. M. 1825. Dictionnaire Classique d’Histoire Naturelle. Vol. 7. Rey et Gravier, Paris. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1913. Descriptions of new lizards in the collection of the British Museum. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (8) 12: 563-565 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • Bush, B. 1981. Reptiles of the Kalgoorlie-Esperance Region. B. Bush, Perth, 46 pp - get paper here
  • Chapple, David G.; Reid Tingley, Nicola J. Mitchell, Stewart L. Macdonald, J. Scott Keogh, Glenn M. Shea, Philip Bowles, Neil A. Cox, John C. Z. Woinarski 2019. The Action Plan for Australian Lizards and Snakes 2017. CSIRO, 663 pp. DOI: 10.1071/9781486309474 - get paper here
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  • Cogger, H.G. 2000. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 6th ed. Ralph Curtis Publishing, Sanibel Island, 808 pp.
  • Dizier, Herve Saint and Dr. Caroline Wret 2010. On three cases of cornea ulceration on nocturnal geckonids and on the possible negative effects of UVB bulbs. Gekko 6 (1): 37-42
  • DOUGHTY, PAUL & PAUL M. OLIVER 2011. A new species of Underwoodisaurus (Squamata: Gekkota: Carphodactylidae) from the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Zootaxa 3002: 20–30 - get paper here
  • Duméril, A.M. C. and G. Bibron. 1836. Erpetologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 3. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 528 pp. - get paper here
  • Duscha, D. 2007. Der australische Dickschwanzgecko, Nephrurus milii (Underwoodisaurus milii). Draco 8 (29): 44-48 - get paper here
  • Ellis, Ryan J.; Paul Doughty and Aaron M. Bauer 2018. An annotated type catalogue of the geckos and pygopods (Squamata: Gekkota: Carphodactylidae, Diplodactylidae, Gekkonidae, Pygopodidae) in the collection of the Western Australian Museum. Records of the Western Australian Museum 33: 051–094 - get paper here
  • Ford, J. 1963. The Reptilian Fauna of the Islands between Dongara and Lancelin, Western Australia. Western Australian Naturalist 8 (6): 135-142 - get paper here
  • Hallermann, J. 2020. An annotated list of reptiles and amphibians from the 1905 Hamburg expedition to southwest Australia deposited in the Zoological Museum Hamburg. Evolutionary Systematics 4: 61 - get paper here
  • Ijzendoorn, M. v. 2007. Underwoodisaurus milii. Lacerta 65 (2): 60-67 - get paper here
  • Kay, G.M.; D. Michael; M. Crane; S. Okada; C. MacGregor; D. Florance; D. Trengove; L. McBurney; D. Blair; D.B. Lindenmayer. 2013. A list of reptiles and amphibians from Box Gum Grassy Woodlands in south-eastern Australia. Check List 9 (3):476-481 - get paper here
  • Kinghorn, J. Roy 1924. Reptiles and batrachians from south and south-west Australia. Rec. Austral. Mus. 14 (3): 163-183 - get paper here
  • Laube, A. 2006. Der australische Dickschwanzgecko, Underwoodisaurus milii. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 64 pp. - get paper here
  • Laube, Andreas & Robert Porter 2004. Captive Maintenance and Breeding of Some Ground Dwelling Australian Geckos Part IV: Underwoodisaurus milii (Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1823) and Underwoodisaurus sphyrurus (Ogilby, 1892). Gekko 4 (1): 23-32
  • Lucas, A. H. S. & Frost, C. 1894. The lizards indigenous to Victoria. Proc. R. Soc. Vict. (ns) 6: 24-92 - get paper here
  • Maryan, B., Gaikhorst, G., & Parkhurst, B. 2024. The terrestrial herpetofauna of the Zuytdorp coast and hinterland of Western Australia: Exceptional richness in a global biodiversity hotspot. Western Australian Naturalist, 33, 3
  • Murphy, Michael J. 2016. Survey of the reptiles and amphibians of Yarrigan National Park in the Pilliga forest of northern inland New South Wales. Australian Zoologist 38 (2): 147- - get paper here
  • Oliver, P.M. & Bauer, A.M. 2011. Systematics. and evolution of the Australian knob-tail geckos (Nephrurus, Carphodactylidae, Gekkota): Pleisomorphic grades and biome shifts through the Miocene. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 59 (3): 664-674 - get paper here
  • Rochebrune, A. T. de 1884. Faune de la Senegambie. Reptiles. O. Dom, Paris, 1-221. - get paper here
  • Rösler, H. 2018. Haftbar -- Die einzigartige Welt der Geckos. Begleitheft zur Ausstellung im Naturkundemuseum Erfurt Mai-Aug 2018, 96 pp.
  • RÖSLER, H. 2019. Comparative studies on the extracorporal development of soft- and hard-shelled gecko eggs (Squamata: Gekkota): 1. Underwoodisaurus milii (Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1823) (Carphodactylidae) Sauria 41 (1): 13 - 21<br> - get paper here
  • RÖSLER, H. 2020. Hommage an Murk van Phelsum. Sauria 42 (2): 3-27
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