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Ungaliophis continentalis MÜLLER, 1880

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Higher TaxaBoidae (Charinaidae, Ungaliophiinae), Henophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Isthmian Dwarf Boa
G: Mittelamerikanische Zwergboa
S: Boilla del Istmo 
SynonymUngaliophis continentalis MÜLLER 1880: 142
Peropodum guatemalensis BOCOURT 1882: 523
Ungaliophis continentalis — BOULENGER 1893: 114
Ungaliophis continentalis — VILLA et al. 1988
Ungaliophis continentalis — LINER 1994
Ungaliophis continentalis — MATTISON 1995: 132
Ungaliophis continentalis — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 223
Ungaliophis continentalis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 775
Ungaliophis continentalis — REYNOLDS & HENDERSON 2018: 32
Ungaliophis continentalis — SUNYER & MARTÍNEZ-FONSECA 2023 
DistributionMexico (Chiapas), Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua (JANSEN & KÖHLER 2003), elevation (Honduras): 990 m

Type locality: Retalhuléu, southwestern Guatemala  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: NMBA = Naturhistorisches Museum Basel no. 427. 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (2637 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentRelative abundance in Honduras: rare

Distribution: Not in Costa Rica fide F. Bolanos (pers. comm.).

Type species: Ungaliophis continentalis MÜLLER 1880: 142 is the type species of the genus Ungaliophis MÜLLER 1880.

Type genus: Ungaliophis is the type genus of the subfamily Ungaliophiinae. Ungaliopheinae McDowell, 1987 is an incorrect original spelling of Ungaliophiinae MCDowell, 1987, as decided by the ICZN (2020).

Wilcox et al. (2002) extablished a new family for Exiliboa and Ungaliophis, Ungaliophiidae, based on DNA sequence analysis.

Habitat: partly arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
EtymologyThe name continentalis is derived from the Latin noun continens, meaning "continent" and the Latin suffix -alis, meaning "pertaining to," in reference to the continental (i.e., non-insular) distribution of this snake.

The genus name Ungaliophis is derived from Ungalia, a boid genus no longer recognized as valid, and ophis, snake. The gender is neuter. 
References
  • Bocourt, M. E. 1873. In: A. Duméril, M. F. Bocourt, and F. Mocquard, (1870-1909), Etudes sur les reptiles, p. i-xiv; In Recherches Zoologiques pour servir a l'Histoire de Ia Faune de l'Amérique Centrale et du Mexique. Mission Scientifique au Mexique et dans l'Amérique Ce Imprimerie Impériale, Paris, Livr. 2-15, pp. 33-860. - get paper here
  • Bogert,C.M. 1968. The variations and affinities of the dwarf boas of the genus Ungaliophis. American Museum Novitates 2340: 1-26 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here
  • Burger, R.M. 2004. Dwarf boas of the Caribbean. Reptilia (GB) (35): 43-47 - get paper here
  • Conant, R. 1966. A second record for Ungaliophis continentalis from México. Herpetologica 22 (2): 157-160. - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp
  • ICZN 2020. Opinion 2454 (Case 3688) – Charinidae Gray, 1849 (Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes): emended to Charinaidae to remove homonymy with Charinidae Quintero, 1986 (Arachnida, Amblypygi); Ungaliopheinae McDowell, 1987 (Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes): emended Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 77(1), 63-65 - get paper here
  • Jansen, M. & G. Koehler 2002. Biogeographische Analyse der Herpetofauna von ausgewählten Hochlandgebieten Nicaraguas. Salamandra 38 (4): 269-286 - get paper here
  • Johnson, Jerry D.; Vicente Mata-Silva, Elí García Padilla, and Larry David Wilson 2015. The Herpetofauna of Chiapas, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (3): 272–329. - get paper here
  • Köhler, G. 2008. Reptiles of Central America. 2nd Ed. Herpeton-Verlag, 400 pp.
  • Köhler, Gunther 1997. Geographic Distribution. Ungaliophis continentalis. Herpetological Review 28 (4): 211 - get paper here
  • Mattison, Chris 1995. The Encyclopedia of Snakes. New York: Facts on File, 256 pp.
  • McCranie J R 2011. The snakes of Honduras. SSAR, Salt Lake City, 725 pp.
  • McCranie, J. & Castañeda, F.E. 2005. The herpetofauna of Parque Nacional Pico Bonito, Honduras. Phyllomedusa 4 (1): 3-16 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R. 2015. A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with additions, comments on taxonomy, some recent taxonomic decisions, and areas of further studies needed. Zootaxa 3931 (3): 352–386 - get paper here
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • Merahtzakis, G. 1987. Guatemala Zwergboa. Herpetofauna 9 (51): 29 - get paper here
  • Müller, F. 1880. Erster Nachtrag zum Katalog der herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums. Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel 7: 120-165 - get paper here
  • O’Shea, M. 2018. The Book of Snakes. Ivy Press / Quarto Publishing, London, - get paper here
  • Reynolds, R. Graham and Robert W. Henderson 2018. Boas of the World (Superfamily Booidae): A Checklist With Systematic, Taxonomic, and Conservation Assessments. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology Sep 2018, Vol. 162, No. 1: 1-58. - get paper here
  • Savage, J. M., & VILLA, J. 1986. An Introduction to the Herpetofauna of Costa Rica. Soc. Stud. Amphib. Rept. Contrib. Herpetol. No. 3, viii + 207 pp.
  • Seung Hoon, Cha 2012. Snake, the world most beautifull curve [in Korean]. Hownext, 304 pp. [ISBN 978-89-965656-7-3] - get paper here
  • Solís, José Mario; Leonel Marineros, Carlos Manuel O’Reilly, Claudia Mossi 2020. Confirmation and range extension of the Isthmian Dwarf Boa, Ungaliophis continentalis (Müller 1880), from western Intibucá, Honduras. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 27 (3): 522-524 - get paper here
  • Solís, J. M., L. D. Wilson, and J. H. Townsend. 2014. An updated list of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with comments on their nomenclature. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1: 123–144 - get paper here
  • Solórzano, A. 2006. Die Schlangen der Osa-Halbinsel [Costa Rica]. Reptilia (Münster) 11 (61): 28-31 - get paper here
  • Solórzano, A. 2006. Snakes of the Osa Peninsula [Costa Rica]. Reptilia (GB) (48): 30-34 - get paper here
  • Stuart, L. C. 1954. Further notes on the status of the generic names Peropodum and Ungaliophis. Herpetologica 10: 79-82 - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier 2014. An updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1 (2): 186–202. - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier & José́ Gabriel Martínez-Fonseca 2023. An updated country checklist to the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. REVISTA NICARAGÜENSE DE BIODIVERSIDAD (100): 1-25 - get paper here
  • Villa J D; Wilson L D 1990. Ungaliophis Muller. Central American dwarf boas. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles ( 480: 1-4 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Werner, F. 1921. Synopsis der Schlangenfamilie der Boiden auf Grundlage des Boulenger'schen Schlangenkatalogs (1893-1896). Archiv für Naturgeschichte 87A: 230-265
  • Wilcox, T.P.; Derrick J. Zwickl; Tracy A. Heath and David M. Hillis 2002. Phylogenetic relationships of the dwarf boas and a comparison of Bayesian and bootstrap measures of phylogenetic support. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 25 (2): 361-371 - get paper here
  • Wilson, L. D., & MEYER, J. R. 1985. The Snakes of Honduras. 2d ed. Milwaukee Publ. Mus. Contrib. Biol. & Geol. No. 6, 150 pp. - get paper here
  • Zaher, Hussam 1994. Les Tropidopheoidea (Serpentes; Alethinophidia) sont-ils réellement monophylétiques? Arguments en faveur de leur polyphylétisme. Comptes Rendus de L Academie Des Sciences Serie III - Sciences de La Vie - Life Sciences 317 (5): 471-478
 
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