Uropeltis grandis (BEDDOME, 1867)

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Higher Taxa	Uropeltidae, Henophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Smith's Earth Snake
Synonym	Rhinophis grandis BEDDOME 1867 (non Uropeltis grandis KELLART 1857) Silybura grandis — BEDDOME 1886: 11 Silybura grandis — BOULENGER 1893: 148 Uropeltis grandis — SMITH 1943: 85 Uropeltis smithi GANS 1966 (nomen novum) Uropeltis smithi — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 151 Uropeltis smithi — DAS 2003 Uropeltis smithi — WALLACH et al. 2014: 782 Uropeltis grandis — PYRON et al. 2016
Distribution	India (Anaimalai hills, 4,000—4,700 feet, Kerala). Type locality: „Anamallay forests in moist woods at 4,000 feet elevation", S India
Reproduction	ovovivparous
Types	Syntypes: BMNH 1946.1.16.52; MNHN 1895.0079.
Diagnosis
Comment	Synonymy: R. grandis BEDDOME 1867 is a secondary junior homonym of Uropeltis grandis KELAART 1857 and has therefore been replaced by GANS 1966. The name U. smithi Gans, 1966 was created as a replacement for Rhinophis grandis Beddome, 1867. A possible issue of homonymy was created when Rhinophis grandis Beddome, 1867 was transferred to Uropeltis by Smith (1943), since U. grandis Kelaart, 1853 was a pre-existing name. Gans (1966) thus erected U. smithi as a nomen novum for Rhinophis grandis Beddome, 1867, with the same type series and locality. However, Tennent (1861) had long since relegated U. grandis Kelaart, 1853 to the synonymy of Pseudotyphlops philippinus (Müller, 1832), which Pyron et al. 2016 renamed as R. saffragamus (Kelaart, 1853) n. comb.
Etymology	Named after Latin grandis, meaning "big". It references the size of this species (~47cm length, ~12mm diameter) among its cogeners
References	Beddome, R.H. 1867. Descriptions and figures of five new snakes from the Madras Presidency. Madras Quart. J. Med. Sci., 11: 14-16. [Reprint: J. Soc. Bibliogr. Nat. Sci., London, 1 (10): 315- 317, 1940.] - get paper here Beddome, R.H. 1886. An account of the earth snakes of the Peninsula of India and Ceylon. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 17: 3-33. - get paper here Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here Das, Indraneil 2003. Growth of Knowledge on the Reptiles of India, with an Introduction to Systematics, Taxonomy and Nomenclature. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 100 (2-3): 446-502 - get paper here Dunaev E.A., Orlova V.F. 2003. Diversity of snakes (on the materials of the exposition of the Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University). Moscow: Moscow State University Press, 376 pp McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp. Palot, M.J. 2015. A checklist of reptiles of Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 7(13): 8010–8022 - get paper here Pyron R. A., Ganesh S. R., Sayyed A., Sharma V., Wallach V. & Somaweera R. 2016. A catalogue and systematic overview of the shield-tailed snakes (Serpentes: Uropeltidae). [type catalogue] Zoosystema 38 (4): 453-506 - get paper here Pyron, A.R. and Somaweera, R. 2019. Further notes on the Sri Lankan uropeltid snakes Rhinophis saffragamus (Kelaart, 1853) and Uropeltis ruhunae Deraniyagala, 1954. Zootaxa 4560 (3):592-600 - get paper here Sharma, R. C. 2004. Handbook Indian Snakes. AKHIL BOOKS, New Delhi, 292 pp. Smith, M.A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. 3 (Serpentes). Taylor and Francis, London. 583 pp. Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information https://www.facebook.com/groups/stshc/posts/527780066113263/ Google images

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