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Vanzosaura multiscutata (AMARAL, 1933)

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Higher TaxaGymnophthalmidae (Gymnophthalminae), Gymnophthalmini, Sauria, Gymnophthalmoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesPortuguese: Calango-do-Rabo-Vermelho, Calanguinho-do-Rabo-Vermelho, Lagartinho, Lagarto-de-Rabo-Vermelho, Piolho-de-Cobra 
SynonymGymnophthalmus multiscutatus AMARAL 1933
Gymnophthalmus multiscutatus — VANZOLINI 1974: 68
Gymnophthalmus multiscutatus — VANZOLINI 1991
Vanzosaura multiscutatus — RODRIGUES 1991: 340
Vanzosaura multiscutatus — RECODER et al. 2014
Vanzosaura multiscutata — COSTA & BÉRNILS 2015 
DistributionBrazil (Bahia, Ceara, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Paraíba, Piauí, Sergipe, Rio Grande do Norte)

Type locality: municipality of Senhor do Bonfim, (10°27′S; 40°11′W), state of Bahia, Brazil  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesType: MZUSP 40079, adult male, collected by E. Garbe on 1908. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Vanzosaura multiscutata comb. nov. is characterized by: (1) 25–47 smooth subcaudals; (2) 10–13 femoral pores in males; (3) snout round in profile; (4) forelimbs proportionally short in relation to trunk length, with FAL 54.8 ± 0.02% of TRL in females and 57.8 ± 0.02% in males; (5) colour pattern single, complex, or intermediate, when complex, dorsal stripes merge in one continuous stripe on the snout; (6) inner row of ventral scales narrower than outer; (7) prefrontal scales usually in contact (81%); (8) medium size for the genus, with largest male attaining an SVL of 37.6 mm, and largest female attaining an SVL of 38.0 mm; (9) proportionally short tails for the genus, with an average rate of complete tails (not regenerated) in relation to body size (TAL/ SVL) of 1.65 ± 0.10 [from RECODER et al. 2014]. 
CommentSynonymy: Vanzosaura multiscutatus has been synonymized with V. rubricauda, but revalidated by RECODER et al. 2014. 
EtymologyThe generic name is a homage to Dr. Paulo Emílio Vanzolini (1924-2013), one of the most distinguished Brazilian zoologists. About Vanzolini see Heyer (2004), Bastos & Sa 2011, and Dirksen 2013. The specific names is derived from Latin “ruber” = red, and “cauda” = tail, for its red tail. 
References
  • Amaral, A. do 1933. Estudos sobre Lacertilios neotropicos. I. novos generos e especies de largartos do Brasil. Mem. Inst. Butantan 7 [1932]: 51-75 - get paper here
  • Bezerra, P. E. S., Santana, F. M., & de Moura, G. J. B. 2021. Sustainability assessment of a lizard assemblage in Pernambuco state, Brazil. Journal for Nature Conservation, 125957
  • Calixto PO, Morato SAA 2017. Herpetofauna recorded by a fauna rescue program in a Caatinga area of João Câmara, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Check List 13 (5): 647-657 - get paper here
  • Costa, Henrique Caldeira & Renato Silveira Bérnils 2015. Répteis brasileiros: lista de espécies 2015. Herpetologia Brasileira 4 (3): 75-93
  • Costa, Taís Borges; Daniel Orsi Laranjeiras, Francis Luiz Santos Caldas, Daniel Oliveira Santana, Cristiana Ferreira da Silva, Edna Paulino de Alcântara, Samuel Vieira Brito, Jéssica Yara Galdino, Daniel Oliveira Mesquita, Renato Gomes Faria, Frederi 2018. Herpetofauna of protected areas in the Caatinga VII: Aiuaba Ecological Station (Ceará, Brazil). Herpetology Notes 11: 929-941 - get paper here
  • Franzini, Lissa Dellefrate; Izabel Regina Soares Silva, Daniel Oliveira Santana, Fagner Ribeiro Delfim, Gustavo Henrique Calazans Vieira, Daniel Oliveira Mesquita 2019. Lizards fauna from the state of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil: current knowledge and sampling discontinuities. Herpetology Notes 12: 749-763 - get paper here
  • Freire, E. M. X., Kolodiuk, M. F., Gogliath, M., Kokubum, M. N. D. C., Rêgo, B. D. P., Ribeiro, M. M., ... & Sales, R. F. D. 2023. The herpetofauna of priority highland areas for conservation of the Caatinga in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, northeastern Brazil. Biota Neotropica, 23, e20221395 - get paper here
  • Freitas, Marco Antonio de; Arthur Diesel Abegg, Daniel da Silva Araújo, Hugo Estevam de Almeida Coelho, Weverton dos Santos Azevedo, Márcio Frazão Chaves, Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de Moura 2019. Herpetofauna of five "Brejos de Altitude" of the interior of the state of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. Herpetology Notes 12: 591-602 - get paper here
  • Gonçalves-Sousa, José Guilherme; Daniel Oliveira Mesquita & Robson Waldemar Ávila 2019. Structure of a Lizard Assemblage in a Semiarid Habitat of the Brazilian Caatinga. Herpetologica 75 (4): 301-314 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • OLIVEIRA LIMA, JEFFERSON; HUGO ANDRADE, TAINARA LIMA DA SILVA & EDUARDO JOSÉ DOS REIS DIAS. 2022. Reptiles of Sergipe: current knowledge and sampling discontinuities. Herpetology Notes 15: 69–78. - get paper here
  • Oliveira, J. S., Santana, D. J., Pantoja, D. L., Ceron, K., & Guedes, T. B. 2024. Climate change in open environments: Revisiting the current distribution to understand and safeguard the future of psammophilous squamates of the Diagonal of Open Formations of South America. Journal of Arid Environments, 220, 105117 - get paper here
  • Recoder, Renato Sousa; Fernanda De Pinho Werneck, Mauro Teixeira Jr, Guarino Rinaldi Colli, Jack Walter Sites Jr and Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues 2014. Geographic variation and systematic review of the lizard genus Vanzosaura (Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae), with the description of a new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (1): 206–225 - get paper here
  • Rodrigues, M. T. 1991. Herpetofauna das dunas interiores do Rio Sào Francisco, Bahia, Brazil. III. Procellosaurinus: um novo genero de microteiideos sem palpebra, com a redefinicao do genero Gymnophthalmus (Sauria, Teiidae). Papéis Avulsos Zoology (Sao Paulo) 37 (21): 329-342 - get paper here
  • Santos Caldas, Francis Luiz; Taís Borges Costa, Daniel Orsi Laranjeiras, Daniel Oliveira Mesquita, Adrian Antonio Garda 2016. Herpetofauna of protected areas in the Caatinga V: Seridó Ecological Station (Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil). Check List 12 (4): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/12.4.1929 - get paper here
  • Uchôa LR, Delfim FR, Mesquita DO, Colli GR, Garda AA, Guedes TB 2022. Lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: Detailed and updated overview. Vertebrate Zoology 72: 599-659 - get paper here
  • Vanzolini P E. CARVALHO C M D. 1991. Two sibling and sympatric species of Gymnophthalmus in Roraima, Brazil (Sauria: Teiidae). Pap. Avul. Zool., Sao Paulo 37 (12): 173-226 - get paper here
  • Vitt, L.J. 1982. Sexual Dimorphism and Reproduction in the Microteiid Lizard, Gymnophthalmus multiscutatus Journal of Herpetology 16 (3): 325-329. - get paper here
  • Vitt, L.J. 1983. Tail Loss in Lizards: the Significance of Foraging and Predator Escape Modes Herpetologica 39 (2): 151-162. - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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