You are here » home › search results › Varanus bengalensis

Varanus bengalensis (DAUDIN, 1802)

IUCN Red List - Varanus bengalensis - Least Concern, LC
iNaturalist logo

Can you confirm these amateur observations of Varanus bengalensis?

Add your own observation of
Varanus bengalensis »

Find more photos by Google images search: Google images

Higher TaxaVaranidae, Platynota, Varanoidea, Anguimorpha, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesVaranus bengalensis bengalensis (DAUDIN 1802)
Varanus bengalensis irrawadicus YANG & LI 1987 
Common NamesE: Bengal Monitor, Indian Monitor
G: Bengalwaran
Chinese: 孟加拉巨蜥 
SynonymTupinambis bengalensis DAUDIN 1802: 67
Tupinambis cepedianus DAUDIN 1802: 43 (fide MERTENS 1963)
Lacerta argus DAUDIN 1802 (in part)
Varanus punctatus MERREM 1820: 59
Varanus taraguira MERREM 1820 (in part)
Monitor gemmatus GUÉRIN-MÉNEVILLE 1829
Monitor heraldicus GRAY in GRIFFITH 1831: 27 (fide MERTENS 1963)
Varanus bengalensis — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1836: 480
Monitor inornatus SCHLEGEL 1839: 72
Monitor cepedianus — SCHLEGEL 1839: 74
Varanus bibronii BLYTH 1842: 869
Uaranus lunatus GRAY 1845: 10
Varanus dracaena — THEOBALD 1868: 22
Varanus lunatus — ANDERSON 1871: 155
Varanus dracaena — ANDERSON 1871: 156
Varanus (Varanus) bengalensis — MERTENS 1942: 184
Varanus (Indovaranus) bengalensis — MERTENS 1963: 4
Varanus bengalensis — BONETTI 2002: 179
Varanus (Empagusia) bengalensis — KOCH et al. 2013
Varanus (Empagusia) bengalensis — BUCKLITSCH et al. 2016: 50
Varanus benghalensis — SAHI & KOUL 2020 (in error)
Varauus benghalensis — MALSAWMDAWNGLIANA et al. 2022 (in error)
Varamis benghalensis — ALI et al. 2024: 397 (in error)

Varanus bengalensis bengalensis (DAUDIN 1802)
Tupinambis bengalensis DAUDIN 1802: 67
Lacerta tigrina LINNAEUS 1754: 41
Lacerta monitor LINNAEUS 1758: 201 (nom. reject.)
Tupinambis bengalensis DAUDIN 1802: 67
Varanus bengalensis — BOULENGER 1885: 310
Lacerta tigrina — ANDERSSON 1900: 5
Varanus bengalensis — ANDERSSON 1900: 6
Varanus monitor — BAHL 1937
Varanus monitor — SWAN & LEVITON 1962: 112
Varanus bengalensis — COX et al. 1998: 106

Varanus bengalensis irrawadicus YANG & LI 1987
Varanus irrawadicus YANG & LI 1987
Varanus irrawadicus — ZHAO & ADLER 1993
Varanus irriwadicus [sic] — AUFFENBERG 1994
Varanus bengalensis irrawadicus — DE LISLE 1996: 119
Varanus irrawadicus — WANG et al. 2022 
DistributionSE Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, N India (Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Mizoram , Maharashtra, Kerala, Punjab etc.), Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar (= Burma), Thailand (incl. Phuket), N Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, W Malaysia, Pulau Tioman, Indonesia (Java), China (Yunnan)

irrawadicus: S China (Yunnan). Type locality: Wanding Valley, Yunnan Prov., southern China.

Type locality: see comment.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: MNHN-RA 2179, designated by Guibé (1954). See also (Brygoo 1987)
Syntypes: MNHN [Tupinambis cepedianus]
Holotype: KIZ 86001, adult male [irrawadicus]
Lectotype: MNHN 2179, by designation of Guibé (1954). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Supraoculars not enlarged; abdominal scales in 88-110 transverse series; tail compressed throughout its length, with low, double-toothed crest above (Anderson 1999: 296).


Additional details (2568 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: mostly after De Lisle (1996) and BÖHME (2002). Zhao,E. & Adler,K. (1993) accept full species status of V. irrawadicus while BÖHME (2002) and DE LISLE 2009 synomize it with V. bengalensis and do not recognize any other subspecies. Mertens 1946 pointed out that Linnaeus referred in the description to pictures in Seba's Thesaurus which clearly show V. salvator and V. niloticus. Therefore, he doubts the identity of the alleged type specimen, which turned out to be V. bengalensis.

Subspecies: Varanus bengalensis nebulosus (GRAY 1831) has been raised to full species status (distribution not corrected for that).

Distribution: not listed for Vietnam by SANG et al. (2009). See map in SMID et al. 2014 for distribution in Iran.

Type locality: "Surinam" (in error). 
EtymologyNamed after its occurrence in Bengal (but note the original erroneous type locality). 
References
  • Ali, W., Bukhari, S. M., Ayub, A., Qadir, G., Hussain, M., Masood, M., ... & Javid, A. 2024. Molecular identification of Herpetofauna from Punjab, Pakistan, using mtDNA genes. Journal of Wildlife and Biodiversity, 8(3), 389-402 - get paper here
  • Ali, Waqas; Arshad Javid, Syed Makhdoom Hussain, Hamda Azmat and Ghazala Jabeen 2016. The Amphibians and Reptiles Collected from Different Habitat Types in District Kasur, Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan J. Zool. 48(4): 1201-1204 - get paper here
  • Anderson, J. 1871. On some Indian reptiles. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1871: 149-211 - get paper here
  • Anderson, Steven C 1999. The lizards of Iran. Contributions to Herpetology Volume 15, Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Saint Louis, Missouri: i-vii, 1-442 [review in Copeia 2000 (4): 1144] - get paper here
  • Andersson, L.G. 1900. Catalogue of Linnean type-specimens of Linnaeus's Reptilia in the Royal Museum in Stockholm. [type catalogue] Bihang till Konglika Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens. Handlingar. Stockholm. (4) 26 (1): 1-29. - get paper here
  • Ansari NA. 2018. Enumeration of herpetofaunal assemblage of Surajpur Wetland, National Capital Region (India). Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 12(2) [General Section]: 90–97 (e161) - get paper here
  • Auffenberg, W. 1979. Intersexual Differences in Behavior of Captive Varanus bengalensis (Reptilia, Lacertilia, Varanidae) Journal of Herpetology 13 (3): 313-315. - get paper here
  • Auffenberg, W.; Arain, Q.N.; Khurshid, N. 1991. Preferred Habitat, Home Range and Movement Patterns of Varanus bengalensis in southern Pakistan. Mertensiella, Suppl. Salamandra (2): 7-28
  • Ávalos, J. de & Martínez Carrión, P. 1997. Warane. Reptilia (Münster) 2 (5): 16-21 - get paper here
  • Bahl, K.N. 1937. Skull of Varanus monitor (Linn.). Records of the Indian Museum 39: 133-174 - get paper here
  • Baier, F. 2005. Herpetologische Reiseeindrücke aus Sri Lanka. Elaphe 13 (4): 59-64
  • Baig, KJ, Masroor, R., and Arshad, M. 2008. Biodiversity and ecology of the herpetofauna of Cholistan Desert, Pakistan. Russ. J. Herpetol. 15 (3): 193-205 - get paper here
  • Bauer A M; Gunther R 1992. A preliminary report on the reptile fauna of the Kingdom of Bhutan with the description of a new species of scincid lizard (Reptilia: Scincidae). Asiatic Herpetological Research 4: 23-36 - get paper here
  • Bennett, Daniel 1997. Varanus bengalensis; the Bengal or clouded monitor lizard. Reptilian 5 (1): 47-56
  • Bhardwaj, D. 2007. Rough-scaled sand Boa (Eryx conicus) predation on a Bengal Monitor (Varanus bengalensis). Biawak 1 (1): 34 - get paper here
  • Bhattarai S, Pokheral CP, Lamichhane BR, Regmi UR, Ram AK, Subedi N. 2018. Amphibians and reptiles of Parsa National Park, Nepal. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 12(1): 35–48 (e155)
  • Bhattarai S., Gurung A., Lamichhane BR., Regmi R., Dhungana M., Kumpakha B. and Subedi N. 2020. Amphibians and Reptiles of Chure Range, Nepal. President Chure Terai-Madhesh Conservation Development Board and National Trust for Nature Conservation, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal
  • Bhattarai, Santosh; Chiranjibi P. Pokheral, Baburam Lamichhane,, and Naresh Subedi 2017. Herpetofauna of a Ramsar Site: Beeshazar and Associated Lakes, Chitwan National Park, Nepal. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 24 (1): 17-29 - get paper here
  • Bhupathy, Subramanian & N. Sathishkumar 2013. Status of reptiles in Meghamalai and its environs, Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 5 (15): 4953-4961 - get paper here
  • Bochaton, Corentin; Martin Ivanov and Julien Claude 2019. Osteological criteria for the specific identification of Monitor lizards (Varanus Merrem, 1820) remains in subfossil deposits of Sundaland and continental Southeast Asia. Amphibia-Reptilia 40 (2): 219–232 - get paper here
  • Böhme W. & Ziegler T. 1997. On the synonymy and taxonomy of the Bengal monitor lizard, Varanus bengalensis (Daudin, 1802) complex (Sauria: Varanidae). Amphibia-Reptilia 18 (2): 207-211 - get paper here
  • Böhme,W. 2003. Checklist of the living monitor lizards of the world (family Varanidae). Zoologische Verhandelingen 341: 6-43 - get paper here
  • Bonetti, Mathilde 2002. 100 Sauri. Mondadori (Milano), 192 pp. - get paper here
  • Botejue, W. Madhava S.; Jayantha Wattavidanage 2012. Herpetofaunal diversity and distribution in Kalugala proposed forest reserve, Western province of Sri Lanka. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 5 (2): 65-80(e38). - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Branch, W. R. 1982. Hemipeneal Morphology of Platynotan Lizards. Journal of Herpetology 16 (1): 16-38 - get paper here
  • Brygoo, E. R. 1987. Les types de Varanides (Reptiles, Sauriens) du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Catalogue critique. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 4e ser., 9, sect. A (Zool., BioI. & Ecol. anim.), (2), supplement, 21-38.
  • BUCKLITSCH, YANNICK; WOLFGANG BÖHME, ANDRÉ KOCH 2016. Scale Morphology and Micro-Structure of Monitor Lizards (Squamata: Varanidae: Varanus spp.) and their Allies: Implications for Systematics, Ecology, and Conservation. . Zootaxa 4153 (1): 001–192 - get paper here
  • Chetia, H., Rout, S. D., & Neog, M. 2024. An Assessment of Herpetofauna in Kakoi Reserve Forest of Lakhimpur District, Assam, India. Proceedings of the Zoological Society (pp. 1-7). Springer India - get paper here
  • Chhetry, Damodar 2010. DIVERSITY OF HERPETOFAUNA IN AND AROUND THE KOSHI TAPPU WILDLIFE RESERVE. BIBECHANA 6: 15-17 - get paper here
  • Clark, R. J., Clark, E. D., Anderson, S. C. and Leviton, A. E. 1969. Report on a collection of amphibians and reptiles from Afghanistan. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (ser. 4) 36: 279-316. - get paper here
  • Cox, Merel J.; Van Dijk, Peter Paul; Jarujin Nabhitabhata & Thirakhupt,Kumthorn 1998. A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Ralph Curtis Publishing, 144 pp.
  • Das, Abhijit; Uttam Saikia, B. H. C. K. Murthy, Santanu Dey and Sushil K. Dutta 2009. A herpetofaunal inventory of Barail Wildlife Sanctuary and adjacent regions, Assam, north-eastern India. Hamadryad 34 (1): 117 – 134 - get paper here
  • Das, Indraneil & Abhijit Das 2017. A Naturalist’s Guide to the Reptiles of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. John Beaufoy Publishing Ltd., Oxford, 176 pp.
  • Daudin, F. M. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, génerale et particulièredes reptiles, ouvrage faisant suite, a l'histoiure naturelle, générale et particulière composée par LECLERC DE BUFFON, et redigée par C. S. SONNINI, vol. 3. F. Dufart, Paris, 452 pp. - get paper here
  • de Rooij, N. de 1915. The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. I. Lacertilia, Chelonia, Emydosauria. Leiden (E. J. Brill), xiv + 384 pp. - get paper here
  • Dryden, G.L., B. Green, E.D. Wikramanayake & K.G. Dryden 1992. Energy and water turnover in two tropical varanid lizards, Varanus bengalensis and V. salvator Copeia 1992 (1): 102-107. - get paper here
  • Duméril, A.M. C. and G. Bibron. 1836. Erpetologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 3. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 528 pp. - get paper here
  • Dutta, S.K., M.V. Nair, P.P. Mohapatra and A.K. Mahapatra. 2009. Amphibians and reptiles of Similipal Biosphere Reserve. Regional Plant Resouce Centre, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India - get paper here
  • Earley, Ryan L.; Omar Attum, Perri Eason 2002. Varanid combat: perspectives from game theory. Amphibia-Reptilia 23 (4): 469-485 - get paper here
  • Erickson, G.M. 2003. Using esternal vertebral growth rings to assess longevity in the Bengal Monitor (Varanus bengalensis) Copeia 2003 (4): 872-878. - get paper here
  • Ficetola, Gentile Francesco; Angelica CROTTINI,, Maurizio CASIRAGHI and Emilio PADOA-SCHIOPPA 2010. New data on amphibians and reptiles of the Northern Areas of Pakistan: distribution, genetic variability and conservation issues. North-Western Journal of Zoology 6 (1): 1-12
  • FRÝDLOVÁ, PETRA and DANIEL FRYNTA 2010. A test of Rensch’s rule in varanid lizards. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 100: 293–306 - get paper here
  • Ganesh S.R., Bubesh Guptha 2021. Herpetological diversity in the Central Eastern Ghats, Peninsular India. Journal of Animal Diversity 3 (3): 18-44 - get paper here
  • Ganesh, S.R.; A. Kalaimani, P. Karthik, N. Baskaran, R. Nagarajan & S.R.Chandramouli 2018. Herpetofauna of Southern Eastern Ghats, India – II From Western Ghats to Coromandel Coast. Asian Journal of Conservation Biology, July 2018. Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 28-45 - get paper here
  • Ganesh, S.R.; S. Bhupathy, P. Karthik, G. Babu Rao & S. Babu 2020. Catalogue of herpetological specimens from peninsular India at the Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology & Natural History (SACON), India. JoTT 12 (9): 16123–16135 - get paper here
  • Gaulke, Maren;de Silva, Anslem 1997. Monitor lizards of Sri Lanka: Preliminary investigations on their population structure. Lyriocephalus 3 (1): 1-5
  • GHIMIRE, HEMANT RAJ; & SUNITA PHUYAL 2013. Impacts of Community Forestry on the Bengal Monitor, Varanus bengalensis (Daudin, 1802): An Empirical Study from Nepal. Biawak 7 (1): 11-17 - get paper here
  • Grandison, A.G.C. 1972. The Gunong Benom Expedition 1967. 5. Reptiles and amphibians of Gunong Benom with a description of a new species of Macrocalamus. Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Zool.), London, 23: 45-101. - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1831. A synopsis of the species of Class Reptilia. In: Griffith, E & E. Pidgeon: The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organisation by the Baron Cuvier with additional descriptions of all the species hither named, and of many before noticed [V Whittaker, Treacher and Co., London: 481 + 110 pp. [1830] - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L., McGuire, J.A.; Sosa, R. & Kaiser, H. 2002. Revised checklist and comments on the terrestrial herpetofauna of Pulau Tioman, Peninsular Malaysia. Herpetological Review 33 (1): 26-29 - get paper here
  • HAIDER, JIBRAN; INAYATULLAH MALIK AND SABIHA SHAMIM 2019. WILDLIFE SURVEY OF NATIONAL PARKS TO ASSESS REPTILIAN BIODIVERSITY, AJK. J Biores Manag. 6 (4): 8-18 - get paper here
  • Hakim, J., Trageser, S. J., Ghose, A., Rashid, S. M. A., & Rahman, S. C. 2020. Amphibians and reptiles from Lawachara National Park in Bangladesh. Check List, 16: 1239 - get paper here
  • Hamid, H. N., Rais, M., Arif, M., & Noor, R. 2020. Amphibians and Reptiles of Sheikh Baddin National Park, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Diversity, Threats and Conservation Prospects. Pakistan J. Zool. 53(2): 1-4 - get paper here
  • Harport, V. 2015. Eine Rundreise durch Sri Lanka. Reptilia (Münster) 20 (114): 84-94 - get paper here
  • Hendrickson,J.R. 1966. Observations on the fauna of Pulau Tioman and Pulau Tulai. 5. The Reptiles. Bull. Nat. Mus. Singapore 34: 53-71
  • Hien,P. Grossmann,W. & Schäfer, C. 2001. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der landbewohnenden Reptilienfauna von Pulau Tioman, West-Malaysia. Sauria 23 (4): 11-28 - get paper here
  • Iannucci, Alessio; Marie Altmanová, Claudio Ciofi, Malcolm Ferguson-Smith, Massimo Milan, Jorge Claudio Pereira, James Pether, Ivan Rehák, Michail Rovatsos, Roscoe Stanyon, Petr Velenský, Petr Ráb, Lukáš Kratochvíl & Martina Johnson Pokorná 2019. Conserved sex chromosomes and karyotype evolution in monitor lizards (Varanidae). Heredity 123, 215–227 - get paper here
  • ICZN 1959. Opinion 540. Protection under the plenary power of the specific names bengalensis Daudin, [1802], as published in the combination Tupinambis bengalensis, and salvator Laurenti 1768, as published in the combination Stellio salvator. Opin. Declar. intern. Com. zool. Nom. 20: 77-85
  • Ingle, Mukesh 2020. Herpetofauna of the Amarkantak Plateau in central India. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 27 (3): 397-410 - get paper here
  • Ingle, Mukesh; Ulka Yadav, Ashok K. Bhilala, Manohar Pawar 2019. Urban Herpetofauna: A Case Study in Ujjain City of Central India. International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences 6 (5): 76-84 - get paper here
  • Islam, Mazedul & Prasanta Kumar Saikia 2013. Inventory and Natural History of Lizards in Jeypore Rerserve Forest, Assam. Reptile Rap (15): 16-26 - get paper here
  • Jablonski, Daniel; Alan J. Lesko 2018. New locality record of the Bengal monitor, Varanus bengalensis (Daudin, 1802), from Afghanistan. Herpetology Notes 11: 915-917 - get paper here
  • Jamal, Qaisar; Muhammad Idrees, Saif Ullah, Muhammad Adnan, Farrah Zaidi, Qaiser Zaman, and Syed Basit Rasheed 2018. Diversity and Altitudinal Distribution of Squamata in Two Distinct Ecological Zones of Dir, A Himalayan Sub-Zone of Northern Pakistan. Pakistan J. Zool., vol. 50(5), pp 1835-1839 - get paper here
  • Jayaneththi, Hareschandra Bandula 2015. Vertebrate fauna of Morankanda-Mukalana secondary forest patch in Sri Lanka: A checklist reported from 2004-2008 survey. RUHUNA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 6: 21- 41 - get paper here
  • JOSHI, RITESH 2018. Varanus bengalensis Predation by Ophiophagus hannah in Rajaji Tiger Reserve, India. Biawak 12 (1): - get paper here
  • Kamali, Kamran 2020. A Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Iran. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (www.chimaira.de). 574 pp.
  • Karthik, Pandi; Ayuthavel Kalaimani, Rathinalingam Nagarajan 2018. An inventory on herpetofauna with emphasis on conservation from Gingee Hills, Eastern-Ghats, Southern India. Asian Journal of Conservation Biology 7 (1): 2-16 - get paper here
  • Karunarathna, D. M. S. S., A. A. T. Amarasinghe and A. De Vos 2008. Preliminary notes on the Monitor Lizards (Family: Varanidae) within the National Zoological Gardens (NZG) Dehiwala, Colombo District, Sri Lanka. Biawak 2 (3): 109-118
  • Karunarathna, D.M.S. SURANJAN; A.A. THASUN AMARASINGHE, MAJINTHA B. MADAWALA & H.K. DUSHANTHA KANDAMBI 2012. Population Status of Two Varanus species (Reptilia: Sauria: Varanidae) in Sri Lanka’s Puttalam Lagoon System, with Notes on their Diet and Conservation Status. Biawak 6 (1): 22-33 - get paper here
  • Karunarathna, Suranjan D. M. S. and A. A. Thasun Amarasinghe 2011. A PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF THE REPTILE FAUNA IN NILGALA FOREST AND ITS VICINITY, MONARAGALA DISTRICT, SRI LANKA. Taprobanica 3 (2): 69-76 - get paper here
  • Karunarathna, SURANJAN; THILINA SURASINGHE, DUMINDA DISSANAYAKE, MADHAVA BOTEJUE, DINESH GABADAGE & MAJINTHA MADAWALA 2017. Dietary Habits and Predators of the Bengal Monitor Varanus bengalensis in Sri Lanka. Biawak 11 (1): 28-39 - get paper here
  • Kästle , W., Rai, K. & Schleich, H.H. 2013. FIELD GUIDE to Amphibians and Reptiles of Nepal. ARCO-Nepal e.V., 625 pp. - get paper here
  • Khan, M.S. 2003. CHECKLIST AND KEY TO THE LIZARDS OF PAKISTAN. Pakistan J. Zool. Suppl. Ser. (1): 1-25 - get paper here
  • KHAN, MD ARAFAT RAHMAN; SHAYER MAHMOOD IBNEY ALAM, MD JAYEDUL<br>ISLAM, SABIT HASAN, MD SALAHUDDIN, MD RASEL MIA, MD JAMAN MIA, NAIM KHANDAKAR & NADIM PARVES 2018. An Observational Note on Mating Behavior and Male-Male Combat of the Bengal Monitor Varanus bengalensis (Daudin, 1802) in the National Botanical Garden, Dhaka. Biawak 12 (2): - get paper here
  • Khanduri, S., Thirumurugan, V., CS, V., Chinnasamy, R., Das, A., & Talukdar, G. 2022. A note on opportunistic records of reptiles from the Moyar River Valley Landscape, Tamil Nadu, southern India. Journal of Animal Diversity 4 (4) - get paper here
  • Klag, K. & Kantz, H. 1987. Bemerkungen zur Haltung und Fortpflanzung von Varanus b. bengalensis im Terrarium. Herpetofauna 9 (52): 21-24 - get paper here
  • Koch A, Ziegler T, Böhme W, Arida E, Auliya M. 2013. Pressing Problems: Distribution, Threats, and Conservation Status of the Monitor Lizards (Varanidae: Varanus spp.) of Southeast Asia and the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Herp. Cons. Biol. 8 (Monograph 3): 1 − 62. - get paper here
  • Lalremsanga, H.T., L. Khawlhring & Lalrotluanga 2010. Three additional lizard (Squamata: Sauria) records for Mizoram, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 2(2): 718-720 - get paper here
  • Linnaeus, C. [= Linné, C. von] 1758. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiæ. 10th Edition: 824 pp. - get paper here
  • Lisle, H.F. de 1996. Natural History of Monitor Lizards. Krieger, Malabar (Florida)
  • LIU, F. 2007. Varanus bengalensis (Bengal Monitor) Prey. Biawak 1 (2): 83 - get paper here
  • Loop, M.S. 1974. The effect of relative prey size on the ingestion behaviour of Varanus bengalensis Herpetologica 30 (2): 123-127. - get paper here
  • Madawala, Majintha; Thilina D Surasinghe, Anslem De Silva, Dinesh Gabadage, Madhava Botejue, Indika Peabotuwage, Dushantha Kandambi, Suranjan Karunarathna 2019. Reappraisal of Herpetofauna Recorded from Jaffna Peninsula in Northern Sri Lanka with Remarks on Conservation, Diversity, and Distribution. Russ. J. Herpetol. 26 (5): 247-260 - get paper here
  • Madushanka, Shashi; Chandimal Ranathunga 2019. BIODIVERSITY BASELINE SURVEY: MOUNT K ADVENTURE RESORT, MADAMPE - RATHNAPURA. Mount K Resort, 30 pp. - get paper here
  • Mahananda, P., S.N. Jelil, S.C. Bohra, N. Mahanta, R.B. Saikia & J. Purkayastha 2023. Terrestrial vertebrate and butterfly diversity of Garbhanga Landscape, Assam, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 15(4): 23029–23046 - get paper here
  • Mahony, Stephen; Md. Kamrul Hasan, Md. Mofizul Kabir, Mushfiq Ahmed and Md. Kamal Hossain. 2009. A catalogue of amphibians and reptiles in the collection of Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Hamadryad 34 (1): 80 – 94 - get paper here
  • Malsawmdawngliana, B. Boruah, N.G. Patel, S. Lalronunga, I. Zosangliana, K. Lalhmangaiha & A. Das 2022. An updated checklist of reptiles from Dampa Tiger Reserve, Mizoram, India, with sixteen new distribution records. Journal of Threatened Taxa 14(10): 21946–21960 - get paper here
  • Manhas, Amit; Rajni Raina, and Ashwani Wanganeo 2018. Reptilian diversity of the Bhopal Region in the State of Madhya Pradesh in central India. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 25 (2): 104–114 - get paper here
  • Manhas, Amit; Rajni Raina, Ashwani Wanganeo 2016. An assessment of reptilian diversity and their distribution in Jammu and Kashmir state from Jammu city in northern India: A case study. International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies 2016; 3(3): 20-23 - get paper here
  • Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W. 1997. Amphibien & Reptilien Südostasiens. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 512 pp. - get paper here
  • Manzoor, U.; M. Z. Khan and M. Asif Iqbal 2019. DISTRIBUTION, STATUS AND CONSERVATION OF REPTILIAN FAUNA IN THE COASTAL AREAS OF KARACHI WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MARINE TURTLES. The J. Anim. Plant Sci. 29(6): - get paper here
  • Mehra, G.S., N. Mohanty & S.K. Dutta 2022. Occurrence patterns of herpetofauna in different habitat types of western Terai Arc Landscape, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 14(5): 21010–21018 - get paper here
  • Mertens R. 1946. Über Lacerta monitor Linnaeus. Senckenbergiana 27: 188
  • Mertens, R. 1942. Die Familie der Warane (Varanidae), 3. Teil: Taxonomie. Abh. Senckenb. naturf. Ges., 466: 235-391
  • Murthy, T.S.N. 2010. The reptile fauna of India. B.R. Publishing, New Delhi, 332 pp.
  • Palot, M.J. 2015. A checklist of reptiles of Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 7(13): 8010–8022 - get paper here
  • Pandharikar S. D.; Joshi P. S. & V. T. Tantarpale 2015. DIVERSITY OF SAURIAN FAUNA FROM JALGAON (JAMOD) TERRITORY, BULDHANA DISTRICT (M.S.), INDIA. Reviews Of Progress 3 (25): 1-4 - get paper here
  • Patel, Harshil; and Raju Vyas 2019. Reptiles of Gujarat, India: Updated Checklist, Distribution, and Conservation Status. Herpetology Notes 12: 765-777 - get paper here
  • Patel, Harshil; Raju Vyas, Bhautik Dudhatra, Vaibhav Naik, Ashish Chavda, Devendra Chauhan, Amit Vaghashiya, Ramesh Vagadiya and Pranav Vaghashiya 2019. Preliminary report on Herpetofauna of Mount Girnar, Gujarat, India. Journal of Animal Diversity 1 (2): 9–35 - get paper here
  • Patel, Harshil; Raju Vyas, Vaibhav Naik, Bhautik Dudhatra & Shantilal K. Tank 2018. Herpetofauna of the Northern Western Ghats of Gujarat, India. Zoology and Ecology, DOI: 10.1080/21658005.2018.1499237 - get paper here
  • Pauwels,O.S.G. et al. 2000. Herpetological investigations in Phang-Nga Province, southern Peninsular Thailand, with a list of reptile species and notes on their biology. Dumerilia 4 (2): 123-154 - get paper here
  • Pianka, E. R. and D. R. King, eds. 2004. Varanoid Lizards of the World. Indiana University Press, 599 pp - get paper here
  • Pokhrel, Ganesh K.; Prakash C. Aryal, Karan B. Shah, Bishal Rijal, Madan K. Suwal, Subash C. Kharel, Evanath Paudel and Man K. Dhamala 2011. Herpetofaunal Diversity in Nagarjun Forest. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 12: 358-365 - get paper here
  • Purkayastha J. 2013. An Amateur’s Guide to Reptiles of Assam. EBH Publishers (India) - get paper here
  • Purkayastha, J. 2018. Urban biodiversity: an insight into the terrestrial vertebrate diversity of Guwahati, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 10(10): 12299–12316; - get paper here
  • Rabbe, M. F., Jaman, M. F., Alam, M. M., Rahman, M. M., & Sarker, M. A. R. 2022. Species diversity, composition, and distribution of the herpetofauna in the Northwestern Region of Bangladesh. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation, 16(1), 226-234 - get paper here
  • Rais, Muhammad; Ayesha Akram, Syeda Maria Ali, Muhammad Arslan Asadi, Misbah Jahangir, Muhammad Jawad Jilani, <br>and Maqsood Anwar 2015. Qualitative Analysis of Factors Influencing the Diversity and Spatial Distribution of Herpetofauna in Chakwal Tehsil (Chakwal District), Punjab, Pakistan. Herp. Cons. Biol. 10 (3) - get paper here
  • RASTEGAR-POUYANI, NASRULLAH; HAJI GHOLI KAMI, MEHDI RAJABZADEH, SOHEILA SHAFIEI AND STEVEN CLEMENT ANDERSON 2008. Annotated Checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles of Iran. Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics 4 (1): 7-30
  • Rawat, Y.B., S. Bhattarai, L.P. Poudyal & N. Subedi 2020. Herpetofauna of Shuklaphanta National Park, Nepal. Journal of Threatened Taxa 12(5): 15587–15611 - get paper here
  • Rese, R. 1988. Beitrag zur Lebenserwartung von Grosswaranen in Gefangenschaft. Sauria 10 (1): 25-26 - get paper here
  • Sahi D.N., Koul S. 2020. Annotated List of Amphibians and Reptiles of Jammu and Kashmir State. In: Dar G. & Khuroo A. (eds) Biodiversity of the Himalaya: Jammu and Kashmir State. Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation, vol 18. Springer, Singapore - get paper here
  • Saikia, U.; Sharma, D.K. & Sharma, R.M. 2007. Checklist of the Reptilian fauna of Himachal Pradesh, India. Reptile Rap (8): 6-9 - get paper here
  • Schlegel, H. 1839. Abbildungen neuer oder unvollständig bekannter Amphibien, nach der Natur oder dem Leben entworfen und mit einem erläuternden Texte begleitet. Arne and Co., Düsseldorf, xiv + 141 pp. - get paper here
  • Sengupta D et al. 2019. Assessment of the Reptilian Fauna in the Brahmaputra Plains of Two Districts in Assam, India. IRCF 26 (1): 65-67 - get paper here
  • Sengupta, Debaprasad and Parag Nigam 2018. A combat bout of Indian Monitors, Varanus bengalensis (Daudin 1802) in the Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, India. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 25 (3): 210–211 - get paper here
  • Shehzad, M., Ullah, F., Khan, S. N., Majid, A., Rais, M., Khan, M. A., ... & Khan, S. 2023. Squamate Fauna of Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Tank and Lakki Marwat Districts), Pakistan. Pakistan J. Zool. 2023: 1-7 - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R. & Jeremcenko, V.K. 2008. The reptiles of the Western Palearctic. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 579 pp. - get paper here
  • Singh J, Dutta S.K., Singh H 2021. Herpetofauna of Punjab: The Field Guide. New Era Book Agency, Chandigarh, 82 pp.
  • SINGH, ASHUTOSH; BHUPINDER SINGH RANA, MUKESH THAKUR, BASUDEV TRIPATHY, LALIT KUMAR SHARMA, KAILASH CHANDRA 2020. Range extension of the Bengal monitor (Varanus bengalensis) for the Trans-Himalayan Region with an altitude record for monitor lizards. Zootaxa 4732 (2): 337–340 - get paper here
  • ŠMÍD, JIŘÍ; JIŘÍ MORAVEC, PETR KODYM, LUKÁŠ KRATOCHVÍL, SEYYED SAEED HOSSEINIAN YOUSEFKHANI, ESKANDAR RASTEGAR-POUYANI & DANIEL FRYNTA 2014. Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 001–097 - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1935. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptiles and Amphibia, Vol. II. Sauria. Taylor and Francis, London, 440 pp.
  • Somaweera, R. & Somaweera, N. 2009. Lizards of Sri Lanka: a colour guide with field keys. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 304 pp.
  • Soni, Hiren & M.S. Bushra Jarulla 2010. Habituation and a typical feeding habit of Bengal Monitor Lizard Varanus bengalensis (Schneider) in Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat. Reptile Rap (10): 13-15 - get paper here
  • STARCK, J. MATTHIAS & JEANETTE WYNEKEN. 2022. Comparative and Functional Anatomy of the Ectothermic Sauropsid Heart. Veterinary Clinics: Exotic Animal Practice 25(2): 337–366. - get paper here
  • Swan, L.W., & Leviton, A.E. 1962. The herpetology of Nepal: a history, check list, and zoogeographical analysis of the herpetofauna. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 32 (6) (4.s.): 103-147. - get paper here
  • Taylor, E.H. 1953. A review of the lizards of Ceylon. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 35 (12): 1525-1585 - get paper here
  • Taylor, E.H. 1963. The lizards of Thailand. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 44: 687-1077. - get paper here
  • Tenzin, J.; S. Nidup, G. Gyeltsen, T. Tshomo, A. Nepal & J.T. Wangyal 2022. The herpetofauna in Sarpang District, Bhutan TAPROBANICA 11 (02): 99–102 - get paper here
  • Thakur, Mehul 2020. Notes on Eggs and Hatchlings of the Bengal Monitor (Varanus bengalensis). IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 27 (2): 310-311 - get paper here
  • Theobald, William 1868. Catalogue of the reptiles of British Birma, embracing the provinces of Pegu, Martaban, and Tenasserim; with descriptions of new or little-known species. Zool. J. Linnean Soc. 10: 4-67. - get paper here
  • Thireau, Michel;Sprackland, Robert George; Sprackland, Teri 1998. A report on Seba's specimens in the herpetological collection of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, and their status as Linnaean types. The Linnean 13 (4): 38-45 - get paper here
  • Tsetan, Chime & R. Ramanibai 2011. Reptilian fauna of agricultural landscapes of Chembarambakkam Lake, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Reptile Rap (13): 2-8 - get paper here
  • Uetz, Peter; Tapil Prakash Rai, Ruma Thapa, Barbara Lester & Paul Freed 2022. Herpetologische Reise nach Nepal. [A Herpetological trip to Nepal] Sauria 44 (4): 3-31 - get paper here
  • Upadhyay, Vikas 2006. The declining status of bengal monitor Varanus bengalensis, Daudin 1802 in Meemch District, Madhya Pradesh. Cobra 63: 20
  • Venugopal, P.D. 2010. An updated and annotated list of Indian lizards (Reptilia: Sauria) based on a review of distribution records and checklists of Indian reptiles. Journal of Threatened Taxa 2 (3): 725-738. - get paper here
  • Vyas, Raju 2007. Herptofauna of Puma Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India. Reptile Rap (8): 10-15 - get paper here
  • Vyas, Raju 2007. Present conservation scenario of reptile fauna in Gujarat State, India. Indian Forester, Oct 2007: 1381-1394 - get paper here
  • Vyas, Raju 2011. Priliminary Survey on Reptiles of Jassore Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat State, India. Russ. J. Herpetol. 18 (3): 210-214 - get paper here
  • VYAS, RAJU; YAGNESH BHATT & DEVVRATSINH MORI. 2022. Predators of the Bengal Monitor (Varanus bengalensis). Reptiles & Amphibians 29(1): 264–265. - get paper here
  • Wang K, Lyu ZT, Wang J, Qi S, Che J 2022. Updated Checklist and Zoogeographic Division of the Reptilian Fauna of Yunnan Province, China. Biodiversity Science 30 (4): 21326, 1–31 - get paper here
  • Wang, Kai; Jinlong Ren, Hongman Chen, Zhitong Lyu, Xianguang Guo Ke Jiang, Jinmin Chen, Jiatang Li, Peng Guo, Yingyong Wang, Jing Che 2020. The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 - get paper here
  • Wangyal, Jigme Tshelthrim 2019. The status of herpetofauna of Bhutan. District Forest Office, District Administration, Trashigang, Bhutan, 20-39 - get paper here
  • Wasey, G.K. 1891. How the monitor or Ghorapad (Varanus bengalensis) defends itself. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 6: 421 - get paper here
  • Whitaker, Rom 1981. Bangladesh - Monitors and turtles. Hamadryad 6 (3): 7-9 - get paper here
  • Wikramanayake, E.D. & G.L. Dryden 1993. Thermal Ecology of Habitat and Microhabitat Use by Sympatric Varanus bengalensis and V. salvator in Sri Lanka Copeia 1993 (3): 709-714. - get paper here
  • Yang, Datong & Li,Simin 1987. A new species of Varanus from Yunnan, with morphological comparison between it and six other species from southeast Asia. Chinese Herp. Res. 1: 60-63
  • Yang, Datong & Liu, Wanzhao 1994. Relationships among species groups of Varanus from southeastern Asia with description of a new species from Vietnam. Chinese Zool. Res. 15: 11-15
  • Zhao,E. & Adler,K. 1993. Herpetology of China. SSAR, Oxford/Ohio, 1-522
  • Ziesmann, S.; Klaas, P.& Janzen, P. 2007. Von Skinken und anderen Echsen [Sri Lankas]. Draco 7 (30): 18-23 - get paper here
  • Zug, G.R. & Mitchell, J.C. 1995. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal. Asiatic Herpetological Research 6: 172-180 - get paper here
  • Zug, George R.;Win, Htun;Thin, Thin;Min, Than Zaw;Lhon, Win Zaw;Kyaw, Kyaw 1998. Herpetofauna of the Chatthin Wildlife Sanctuary, north-central Myanmar with preliminary observations of their Natural History. Hamadryad 23 (2): 111-120 - get paper here
 
External links  
Is it interesting? Share with others:

As link to this species use URL address:

https://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Varanus&species=bengalensis

without field 'search_param'. Field 'search_param' is used for browsing search result.



Please submit feedback about this entry to the curator