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Varanus yuwonoi HARVEY & BARKER, 1998

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Higher TaxaVaranidae, Platynota, Varanoidea, Anguimorpha, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymVaranus yuwonoi HARVEY & BARKER 1998
Varanus yuwonoi — AST 2001
Varanus (Euprepiosaurus) yuwonoi — ZIEGLER et al. 2007
Varanus (Euprepiosaurus) yuwonoi — KOCH et al. 2013
Varanus (Euprepiosaurus) yuwonoi — BUCKLITSCH et al. 2016: 50
Varanus (Euprepiosaurus) yuwonoi — WEIJOLA & KRAUS 2023 
DistributionIndonesia (Halmahera Island)

Type locality: Gilolo (= Jailolo), Halmahera, Moluccas, Indonesia.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: UTA R-41281, paratype UCM 58747. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Varanus yuwonoi may be distinguished from all other members of the genus Varanus by the following combination of characteristics: (1) Tail strongly compressed laterally and with distinct double keel at apex; (2) subcaudals 2-3 times larger than scales covering dorsal and lateral surfaces of tail; (3) nostril oval, lateral, and closer to tip of snout than to orbit; (4) nuchal and occipital scales flat; nuchals slightly smaller than occipitals; (5) snout acute; (6) tines of tongue yellow to robin egg blue; (7) body of tongue dark purple distally, pink proximally; (8) large black blotches on sides of neck; (9) anterior one-third to one-half of dorsum melanic and with few wide bands; (10) caudal half of body finely speckled with green, blue, and black; (11) tail blue; (12) gular region not banded. (Harvey & Barker 1998)


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Comment 
EtymologyNamed after Frank Bambang Yuwono (b. 1958), a biologist, herpetologist, and breeder of small mammals and reptiles. 
References
  • Ast, Jennifer C. 2001. Mitochondrial DNA Evidence and Evolution in Varanoidea (Squamata). Cladistics 17 (3): 211-226 [erratum in 18 (1):125] - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • BUCKLITSCH, YANNICK; WOLFGANG BÖHME, ANDRÉ KOCH 2016. Scale Morphology and Micro-Structure of Monitor Lizards (Squamata: Varanidae: Varanus spp.) and their Allies: Implications for Systematics, Ecology, and Conservation. . Zootaxa 4153 (1): 001–192 - get paper here
  • Glässer-Trobisch, Andrea & Dietmar Trobisch 2021. Begegnungen mit Hydrosaurus & Co. in der Wallacea. Teil 3: Drachen im Vogelparadies – Halmahera. Sauria 43 (3): 23-46
  • Harvey, Michael B. and David G. Barker 1998. A new species of blue-tailed monitor lizard (genus Varanus) from Halmahera Island, Indonesia. Herpetologica 54 (1): 34-44. - get paper here
  • Kirschner, A. & H. Koschorke 1998. Das Portrait: Varanus yuwonoi. Sauria 20 (4): 1-2 - get paper here
  • Koch A, Arida E, Schmitz A, Böhme W, Ziegler T. 2009. Refining the polytypic species concept of mangrove monitors (Squamata: Varanus indicus group): a new cryptic species from the Talaud Islands, Indonesia, reveals the underestimated diversity of Indo-Australian monitor lizards. Australian Journal of Zoology 57(1): 29-40 - get paper here
  • Koch A, Ziegler T, Böhme W, Arida E, Auliya M. 2013. Pressing Problems: Distribution, Threats, and Conservation Status of the Monitor Lizards (Varanidae: Varanus spp.) of Southeast Asia and the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Herp. Cons. Biol. 8 (Monograph 3): 1 − 62. - get paper here
  • Koch, Z.; Philipp, K. & Ziegler, T. 2010. The Monitor Man: A Story of Stunning Discoveries and Charismatic Creatures. Biawak 4 (4): 132-152 - get paper here
  • Milenkaya, Olga & J. Lindley McKay 2016. Observation in the Wild of the Poorly-known Varanus yuwonoi. Biawak 10 (1): 13 - get paper here
  • Pianka, E. R. and D. R. King, eds. 2004. Varanoid Lizards of the World. Indiana University Press, 599 pp - get paper here
  • Weijola V, Donnellan SC, Lindqvist C 2016. A new blue-tailed Monitor lizard (Reptilia, Squamata, Varanus) of the Varanus indicus group from Mussau Island, Papua New Guinea. ZooKeys 568: 129-154, doi: 10.3897/zookeys.568.6872 - get paper here
  • Weijola, V.S.A. 2010. Geographical Distribution and Habitat Use of Monitor Lizards of the North Moluccas. Biawak 4 (1): 7-23 - get paper here
  • Weijola, Valter 2017. PHYLOGENY AND TAXONOMY OF THE PACIFIC MONITOR LIZARDS (SQUAMATA: VARANUS: EUPREPIOSAURUS). ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS TURKUENSIS 334 - get paper here
  • Weijola, Valter & Fred Kraus 2023. Two new species of monitor lizards (Squamata: Varanus) endemic to the Louisiade and Tanimbar Archipelagos with a key to the subgenus Euprepiosaurus. JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY 57 (13–16): 947–975
  • Weijola, Valter; Varpu Vahtera, Christer Lindqvist, Fred Kraus 2019. A molecular phylogeny for the Pacific monitor lizards (Varanus subgenus Euprepiosaurus) reveals a recent and rapid radiation with high levels of cryptic diversity. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 186 (4): 1053–1066 - get paper here
  • Ziegler, T., Schmitz, A., Koch, A. & W. Böhme 2007. A review of the subgenus Euprepiosaurus of Varanus (Squamata: Varanidae): morphological and molecular phylogeny, distribution and zoogeography, with an identification key for the members of the V. indicus and the V. prasinus species groups. Zootaxa 1472: 1-28 - get paper here
  • ZIEGLER, THOMAS; ANNA RAUHAUS & IRI GILL 2016. A Preliminary Review of Monitor Lizards in Zoological Gardens. Biawak 10 (1): 26 - get paper here
  • Ziegler, Thomas; Wolfgang Böhme, Andreas Schmitz 2007. A new species of the Varanus indicus group (Squamata, Varanidae) from Halmahera Island, Moluccas: morphological and molecular evidence. Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin 83 (S1): 109-119 - get paper here
 
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