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Xenopholis undulatus (JENSEN, 1900)

IUCN Red List - Xenopholis undulatus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Jensen's Ground Snake
Portuguese: Cobrinha-do-Folhedo, Falsa-Coral 
SynonymOxyrhopus undulatus JENSEN 1900: 106
Paroxyrhopus reticulatus SCHENKEL 1900 (fide HOGE & FEDERSONI 1975)
Oxyrhopus latifrontalis WERNER 1913: 30
Paroxyrhopus atropurpureus AMARAL 1923: 90
Paroxyrhopus atropurpureus AMARAL 1926: 112
Paroxyrhopus latifrontalis — AMARAL 1929: 208
Paroxyrhopus undulatus — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 238
Xenopholis reticulatus — HOGE & FEDERSONI 1975
Xenopholis undulatus — DA CUNHA et al. 1985
Xenopholis undulatus — JANSEN et al. 2009
Xenopholis undulatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 803
Xenopholis undulatus — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionBrazil (Alagoas, Para, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Distrito Federal), Paraguay

Type locality: Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais

atropurpureus: Type locality: Nova Baden, in the southern part of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Paratype locality: near Marianna, in the southeastern part of the State of Minas
Gerais.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: ZMUC
Holotype: IBSP (= IB) 3003, adult male, received alive on March 18, 1920, from Mr. Paulo Treszoks. Paratype: Museu Paulista 1499, adult male, collected by by Mr. Jacyntho B. de Godoy, in 1898. Other specimens: Museu Nacional 345, 346 [atropurpureus] 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 1836 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentThe photo labeled Xenopholis scalaris in CAMPBELL & LAMAR (2004) (an Amazonian species) actually shows X. undulatus. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin undulatus, that has a wave-like form or edge. (JENSEN 1900, Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., April 2024) 
References
  • Amaral, A. do 1923. New genera and species of snakes. Proc. New England Zool. Club 8: 85-105 - get paper here
  • Amaral, A. do 1926. Novos gêneros e expécies de ophidios brasileiros. Arch. Mus. Nac. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro 26: 1-27
  • Amaral,A. do 1930. Estudos sobre ophidios neotropicos XVIII. Lista remissiva dos ophidios da região neotropica. Mem. Inst. Butantan 4: 126-271 [1929] - get paper here
  • Bressan, Paulo Magalhães; Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, Angélica Midori Sugieda (eds.) 2009. FAUNA AMEAÇADA DE EXTINÇÃO NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO: VERTEBRADOS. São Paulo: Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo: Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, 2009. - get paper here
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • Campbell, Jonathan A. and William W. Lamar 2004. The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere, 2 vols. Comstock (Cornell University Press), Ithaca, NY, 962 pp. [review in Science 305: 182]
  • Campos Nogueira, C. de 2001. New records of Squamate Reptiles in Central Brazilian Cerrado II: Brasília Region. Herpetological Review 32 (4): 285-287 - get paper here
  • Castro, Deborah Praciano de; Sarah Mângia, Felipe de Medeiros Magalhães, David Lucas Röhr, Felipe Camurugi, Ricardo Rodrigues da Silveira Filho, Margarida Maria Xavier da Silva, John Allyson Andrade-Oliveira, Tiago Agostinho de Sousa, Frederico Gusta 2019. Herpetofauna of protected areas in the Caatinga VI: The Ubajara National Park, Ceará, Brazil. Herpetology Notes 12: 727-742 - get paper here
  • Cunha O R da ; do Nascimento F P; Sauer de Avila-Pires T C 1985. Os repteis da area de Carajas, Para, Brasil (Testudines e Squamata). 1. Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi PUBLICACOES AVULSAS (No. 40): 9-92 - get paper here
  • França RC, Solé M and França FGR 2024. Conservation status of Brazilian snakes inhabiting the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil. Front. Ecol. Evol. 12:1301717 - get paper here
  • Franca, F.G.R.; Daniel O. Mesquita, Cristiano C. Nogueira, and Alexandre F. B. Araújo 2008. Phylogeny and Ecology Determine Morphological Structure in a Snake Assemblage in the Central Brazilian Cerrado. Copeia 2008 (1): 23-38 - get paper here
  • França, R. C., Morais, M., França, F. G., Rödder, D., & Solé, M. 2020. Snakes of the Pernambuco Endemism Center, Brazil: diversity, natural history and conservation. ZooKeys 1002: 115 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Guedes, T.B. 2018. Xenopholis undulatus (Jensen's Groundsnake) Diet. Herpetological Review 49 (1): 142. - get paper here
  • GUEDES, THAÍS B.; CRISTIANO NOGUEIRA & OTAVIO A. V. MARQUES 2014. Diversity, natural history, and geographic distribution of snakes in the Caatinga, Northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 3863 (1): 001–093 - get paper here
  • Guedes, Thaís B.; Ricardo J. Sawaya, Alexander Zizka, Shawn Laffan, Søren Faurby, R. Alexander Pyron, Renato S. Bérnils, Martin Jansen, Paulo Passos, Ana L. C. Prudente, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, Henrique B. Braz, Cristiano de C. Nogueira, Alexandre 2017. Patterns, biases and prospects in the distribution and diversity of Neotropical snakes. Global Ecol Biogeogr 00:1–8 - get paper here
  • Guerra, V., Ramalho, W. P., Machado, I. F., & Brandão, R. A. 2022. Herpetofauna of the Serra do Tombador Nature Reserve, State of Goiás, Central Brazil. Arquivos de Zoologia, 53(3), 33-51 - get paper here
  • Hoge, A.R. & Federsoni, P.A. 1975. Notes on Xenophoplis Peters and Paroxyrhopus Schenkel (Serpentes: Colubridae). Mem. Inst. Butantan [1974] 38: 137-146 - get paper here
  • JANSEN, MARTIN; LUCINDO GONZALES ÁLVAREZ & GUNTHER KÖHLER 2009. Description of a new species of Xenopholis (Serpentes: Colubridae) from the Cerrado of Bolivia, with comments on Xenopholis scalaris in Bolivia. Zootaxa 2222: 31-45 - get paper here
  • Jensen, A.S. 1900. Lagoa Santa Egnens Slanger. Vidensk. Medd. Naturhist. Foren. Kjöbenhavn 1899: 99-111 - get paper here
  • MARQUES, O. A. V. et al. 2009. Repteis. In: Bressan et al., FAUNA AMEAÇADA DE EXTINÇÃO NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO: VERTEBRADOS. São Paulo: Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo: Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, pp. 285-327 - get paper here
  • Neves MO, Yves A, Pereira EA, Alves L, Vasques JB, Coelho JFT, Silva PS 2019. Herpetofauna in a highly endangered area: the Triângulo Mineiro region, in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Herpetozoa 32: 113-123 - get paper here
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Pereira-Filho, Gentil Alves & Giovanna Gondim Montingelli 2011. Check list of snakes from the Brejos de Altitude of Paraíba and Pernambuco, Brazil. Biota Neotropica 11 (3): - get paper here
  • SOUZA ALMEIDA DE, LUCAS & PAULA RIBEIRO ANUNCIAÇÃO. 2021. XENOPHOLIS UNDULATUS (Jensen’s Ground Snake). DIET. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 677–678. - get paper here
  • Tiburcio, Ingrid Carolline Soares, Barnagleison Silva Lisboa and Katyuscia Araujo-Vieira. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Xenopholis undulatus (Jensen's Ground Snake). Herpetological Review 47 (2): 267 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Werner, F. 1913. Neue oder seltene Reptilien und Frösche des Naturhistorischen Museums in Hamburg. Reptilien der Ostafrika-Expedition der Hamburger Geographischen Gesellschaft 1911/12. Leiter: Dr. E. Obst. Reptilien und Amphibien von Formosa. [these are 3 separate reports in one long article] Jb. Hamb. wiss. Anst., 30 [1912], 2. Beiheft: 1-39, 40-45, 45-51 - get paper here
  • Zaher, Hussam; Fausto Erritto BarboI; Paola Sanchez Martínez; Cristiano Nogueira; Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues; Ricardo Jannini Sawaya 2011. Répteis do Estado de São Paulo: conhecimento atual e perspectivas. Biota Neotropica, 11 (1): 1–15. - get paper here
 
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