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Xerotyphlops etheridgei (WALLACH, 2002)

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Higher TaxaTyphlopidae (Asiatyphlopinae), Typhlopoidea, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymTyphlops etheridgei WALLACH 2002
Xerotyphlops etheridgei — HEDGES et al. 2014
Typhlops etheridgei — WALLACH et al. 2014: 762 
DistributionMauritania

Type locality:- Between Atar (20°31’N, 13°03’W) and Choûm (21°20’N, 12°59’W) along Route Nationale 1, a distance of ca. 85 air km through the Amsâga region, western Adrar Region, west-central Mauritania, elevation ca. 200 m. Original label reads “zwischen Atar und Shoun, Mauritanie”.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MHNG 1326.62 (field no. E. Kramer 11443), an adult female collected by J. Garzoni, 1967 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Typhlops etheridgei can be distinguished from all other African Typhlopidae by the following combination of characters: T-III supralabial imbrication pattern (SIP) and 24 midbody scale rows. Typhlops etheridgei is separable from Rhinotyphlops by the T-III SIP (vs. T-0 or T-II), from Acutotyphlops by the 24 midbody scale rows (vs. 26-36) and rounded snout (vs. pointed snout), from Cyclotyphlops by its typical head shields (vs. circular arrangement), and from Xenotyphlops by the T-III SIP (vs. T-0) and papillaless rounded snout (vs. pointed snout with papillae). Typhlops etheridgei shares the T-III SIP with Ramphotyphlops and because it is represented solely by a female specimen, the status of the hemipenis cannot be ascertained. However, it is unlikely that T. etheridgei belongs in the genus Ramphotyphlops as the only African representative is R. braminus, the parthenogenetic species that has colonized the world. Typhlops etheridgei can be distinguished from R. braminus by the infranasal suture contacting the second supralabial (vs. preocular) and 24 midbody scale rows (vs. 20 rows).  
CommentNot listed in TRAPE & MANÉ 2006. 
EtymologyThis species is dedicated to Richard Emmett Etheridge (16 Sep 1929-14 Jan 2019), American herpetologist and emeritus professor at San Diego State University and iguanid systematist, who was the undergraduate mentor of Van Wallach and whose guidance and support started him on his present path in herpetology (snake viscera and systematics). See Espinoza & Queiroz for biographical details. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Chippaux, Jean-Philippe & Kate Jackson 2019. Snakes of Central and Western Africa. Johns Hopkins University Press, 448 pp. [detaileld review in HR 51 (1): 161] - get paper here
  • Espinoza, Robert E. and Kevin de Queiroz 2008. Richard Emmett Etheridge. Copeia 2008, No. 3, 708–717 - get paper here
  • Hedges, S.B., Marion, A.B., Lipp, K.M., Marin, J. & Vidal, N. 2014. A taxonomic framework for typhlopid snakes from the Caribbean and other regions (Reptilia, Squamata). Caribbean Herpetology 49: 1–61 - get paper here
  • Padial, J. M. 2006. COMMENTED DISTRIBUTIONAL LIST OF THE REPTILES OF MAURITANIA (WEST AFRICA). Graellsia, 62(2): 159-178 - get paper here
  • Trape, J.-F. 2023. Guide des serpents d’Afrique occidentale, centrale et d’Afrique du Nord. IRD Éditions, Marseille, 896 pp.
  • Vyas, Raju 2007. Present conservation scenario of reptile fauna in Gujarat State, India. Indian Forester, Oct 2007: 1381-1394 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van 2002. Typhlops etheridgei, a new species of African blindsnake in the Typhlops vermicularis species group from Mauritania (Serpentes: Typhlopidae). Hamadryad 27 (1):108-122 - get paper here
 
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